Perovskite materials for highly efficient Photo(electro)catalytic water splitting: A mini-review

Sustainable and clean hydrogen development has been considered a mainstream trend in contemporary energy research. Heterogenous photo(electro)catalysis is a promising approach to producing hydrogen in an environmentally friendly manner. Perovskites have emerged as an inexpensive, earth-abundant, and easily fabricated semiconductor material for photo(electro)catalysis. However, some of their shortcomings have limited the wide range of applications. In this mini-review, we present the fundamentals and applications of various perovskites for photo(electro)catalytic water splitting. In addition, we summarize advanced strategies for photo(electro)catalytic water splitting based on perovskites, focusing on the following approaches: intrinsic modulation of perovskites, functionalization of perovskites, and design of perovskite tandem systems. In summary, we point out the challenges and potential applications for perovskite solar water splitting and systematically describe various strategies to improve the photo(electro)catalysis performance of perovskites, illustrating the potential of using perovskites as key materials for solar water splitting.