Development of clinical predictive nomograms for prognosis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Background: The outcome of clinical treatment for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is frequently the primary concern.

Aim: For the convenient prediction of reference prognosis outcomes in patients with ISSNHL.

Materials and methods: Patients diagnosed with ISSNHL who were admitted to the otorhinolaryngology ward of Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to December 2023 were included. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify independent prognostic factors for the treatment outcome of ISSNHL, which were subsequently used to develop nomograms. Discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility were assessed to evaluate the performance of the ISSNHL nomograms.

Results: 371 ISSNHL patients were enrolled in this study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that history of deafness, aural fullness, time of onset, and age were independent prognostic factors for ISSNHL patients, with statistically significant regression coefficients. Predictive nomograms were developed with excellent discrimination, calibration, and clinical value.

Conclusions: Leveraging data from ISSNHL patients, we developed a predictive nomogram to assess prognostic factors upon admission. This nomogram facilitates clinicians in approximating the likelihood of favorable prognosis.

Significance: By accumulating clinical data from ISSNHL patients, it's anticipated that the possibility of recovery following treatment can be determined.