{"title":"用含连续共聚单体段的乙烯/(苯基官能化 α-烯烃)共聚物对聚乙烯和聚苯乙烯进行升级再循环的相容策略","authors":"Hui Tian, Yifan Wang, Chunji Wu and Baoli Wang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.macromol.4c00275","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >Polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) are commercial plastics with large amounts of output, and their wastes have brought serious burden to our living environment. These usually exist as PE/PS mixtures and are hard or expensive to sort in some cases. PE/PS blends have poor mechanical properties due to thermodynamic incompatibilization. In principle, ethylene/(phenyl functionalized α-olefin) copolymers (containing PE and continuous phenyl α-olefin segments on one polymeric chain) would be good compatibilizers for PE/PS, but the synthesis of corresponding copolymers is much more difficult. Herein, we report the synthesis of ethylene-styrene (<b>E</b>-<b>St</b>), ethylene-allylbenzene (<b>E</b>-<b>AP</b>), and ethylene-(4-phenyl-1-butene) (<b>E</b>-<b>BP</b>) copolymers containing continuous comonomer segments via the copolymerization of <b>E</b> with various phenyl functionalized α-olefin monomers (<b>St</b>, <b>AP</b>, and <b>BP)</b> catalyzed by thiophene-fused cyclopentadienyl scandium complexes and study the compatibilization of resultant copolymers for HDPE/PS blends by using tensile test experiment and SEM and TEM analyses. <b>E</b>-<b>BP</b> copolymers behaved like adhesive materials with high <b>BP</b> incorporation ranged from 13.5 to 24.1 mol % and showed better compatibilization effect for HDPE/PS blends compared with <b>E</b>-<b>St</b> and <b>E</b>-<b>AP</b>, probably because of the longer distance between the polymeric main chain and phenyl group on its molecular structure, which favors the intermolecular π–π interaction between <b>E</b>-<b>BP</b> and PS during melting mixing. HDPE/PS/<b>P4</b> (weight ratio: 80/20/2) blend (<b>P4</b>: <b>E</b>-<b>BP</b> copolymer with 24.1 mol % <b>BP</b> content) exhibited the greatest improvement in elongation at break (1397%), which showed a 26.3% increase, compared with the uncompatibilized HDPE/PS (80/20) blend and reached 91.5% of ultimate elongation of pure HDPE, and its tensile stress was also close to that of HDPE, indicating that <b>P4</b> could be used as an effective compatibilizer for HDPE/PS mixtures that are difficult or expensive to sort.</p>","PeriodicalId":51,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecules","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A Compatibilizing Strategy for Upcycling Polyethylene and Polystyrene with Ethylene/(Phenyl Functionalized α-Olefin) Copolymers Containing Continuous Comonomer Segments\",\"authors\":\"Hui Tian, Yifan Wang, Chunji Wu and Baoli Wang*, \",\"doi\":\"10.1021/acs.macromol.4c00275\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p >Polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) are commercial plastics with large amounts of output, and their wastes have brought serious burden to our living environment. These usually exist as PE/PS mixtures and are hard or expensive to sort in some cases. PE/PS blends have poor mechanical properties due to thermodynamic incompatibilization. In principle, ethylene/(phenyl functionalized α-olefin) copolymers (containing PE and continuous phenyl α-olefin segments on one polymeric chain) would be good compatibilizers for PE/PS, but the synthesis of corresponding copolymers is much more difficult. Herein, we report the synthesis of ethylene-styrene (<b>E</b>-<b>St</b>), ethylene-allylbenzene (<b>E</b>-<b>AP</b>), and ethylene-(4-phenyl-1-butene) (<b>E</b>-<b>BP</b>) copolymers containing continuous comonomer segments via the copolymerization of <b>E</b> with various phenyl functionalized α-olefin monomers (<b>St</b>, <b>AP</b>, and <b>BP)</b> catalyzed by thiophene-fused cyclopentadienyl scandium complexes and study the compatibilization of resultant copolymers for HDPE/PS blends by using tensile test experiment and SEM and TEM analyses. <b>E</b>-<b>BP</b> copolymers behaved like adhesive materials with high <b>BP</b> incorporation ranged from 13.5 to 24.1 mol % and showed better compatibilization effect for HDPE/PS blends compared with <b>E</b>-<b>St</b> and <b>E</b>-<b>AP</b>, probably because of the longer distance between the polymeric main chain and phenyl group on its molecular structure, which favors the intermolecular π–π interaction between <b>E</b>-<b>BP</b> and PS during melting mixing. HDPE/PS/<b>P4</b> (weight ratio: 80/20/2) blend (<b>P4</b>: <b>E</b>-<b>BP</b> copolymer with 24.1 mol % <b>BP</b> content) exhibited the greatest improvement in elongation at break (1397%), which showed a 26.3% increase, compared with the uncompatibilized HDPE/PS (80/20) blend and reached 91.5% of ultimate elongation of pure HDPE, and its tensile stress was also close to that of HDPE, indicating that <b>P4</b> could be used as an effective compatibilizer for HDPE/PS mixtures that are difficult or expensive to sort.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":51,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Macromolecules\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Macromolecules\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.macromol.4c00275\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"POLYMER SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Macromolecules","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.macromol.4c00275","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"POLYMER SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
A Compatibilizing Strategy for Upcycling Polyethylene and Polystyrene with Ethylene/(Phenyl Functionalized α-Olefin) Copolymers Containing Continuous Comonomer Segments
Polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) are commercial plastics with large amounts of output, and their wastes have brought serious burden to our living environment. These usually exist as PE/PS mixtures and are hard or expensive to sort in some cases. PE/PS blends have poor mechanical properties due to thermodynamic incompatibilization. In principle, ethylene/(phenyl functionalized α-olefin) copolymers (containing PE and continuous phenyl α-olefin segments on one polymeric chain) would be good compatibilizers for PE/PS, but the synthesis of corresponding copolymers is much more difficult. Herein, we report the synthesis of ethylene-styrene (E-St), ethylene-allylbenzene (E-AP), and ethylene-(4-phenyl-1-butene) (E-BP) copolymers containing continuous comonomer segments via the copolymerization of E with various phenyl functionalized α-olefin monomers (St, AP, and BP) catalyzed by thiophene-fused cyclopentadienyl scandium complexes and study the compatibilization of resultant copolymers for HDPE/PS blends by using tensile test experiment and SEM and TEM analyses. E-BP copolymers behaved like adhesive materials with high BP incorporation ranged from 13.5 to 24.1 mol % and showed better compatibilization effect for HDPE/PS blends compared with E-St and E-AP, probably because of the longer distance between the polymeric main chain and phenyl group on its molecular structure, which favors the intermolecular π–π interaction between E-BP and PS during melting mixing. HDPE/PS/P4 (weight ratio: 80/20/2) blend (P4: E-BP copolymer with 24.1 mol % BP content) exhibited the greatest improvement in elongation at break (1397%), which showed a 26.3% increase, compared with the uncompatibilized HDPE/PS (80/20) blend and reached 91.5% of ultimate elongation of pure HDPE, and its tensile stress was also close to that of HDPE, indicating that P4 could be used as an effective compatibilizer for HDPE/PS mixtures that are difficult or expensive to sort.
期刊介绍:
Macromolecules publishes original, fundamental, and impactful research on all aspects of polymer science. Topics of interest include synthesis (e.g., controlled polymerizations, polymerization catalysis, post polymerization modification, new monomer structures and polymer architectures, and polymerization mechanisms/kinetics analysis); phase behavior, thermodynamics, dynamic, and ordering/disordering phenomena (e.g., self-assembly, gelation, crystallization, solution/melt/solid-state characteristics); structure and properties (e.g., mechanical and rheological properties, surface/interfacial characteristics, electronic and transport properties); new state of the art characterization (e.g., spectroscopy, scattering, microscopy, rheology), simulation (e.g., Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics, multi-scale/coarse-grained modeling), and theoretical methods. Renewable/sustainable polymers, polymer networks, responsive polymers, electro-, magneto- and opto-active macromolecules, inorganic polymers, charge-transporting polymers (ion-containing, semiconducting, and conducting), nanostructured polymers, and polymer composites are also of interest. Typical papers published in Macromolecules showcase important and innovative concepts, experimental methods/observations, and theoretical/computational approaches that demonstrate a fundamental advance in the understanding of polymers.