Prevalence and influencing factors of chronic diseases among the elderly in Southwest China: A cross-sectional study based on community in urban and rural areas

Objective

To explore the influencing factors affecting chronic diseases of elderly in Kunming.

Methods

Data were collected from November 2020 to August 2021.The crosssectional study based on community was adopted. And hierarchical random sampling was used. A face to face questionnaire survey was conducted among the respondents or family caregivers. The contents we collected mainly include general demographic characteristics and other related influencing factors, self-reported chronic diseases and disability status.

Results

1161 elderly were investigated in total. The percentage of non-communicable chronic disease among the rural elderly was higher than that of urban elderly. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that in urban areas, female (OR: 0.592;95 %CI:0.396 ∼ 0.885), not in marriage (OR:1.643;95 %CI:1.093 ∼ 2.470)and not very satisfied with family support (OR:1.858;95 %CI:1.115 ∼ 3.096) are the influencing factors of chronic disease, while in rural areas are not in marriage (OR:1.961;95 %CI:1.021 ∼ 3.763), more health-promoting behavior (OR:0.582;95%CI:0.350 ∼ 0.970), not very satisfied with family support (OR:1.858;95 %CI:1.115 ∼ 3.096), age 70–79 (OR:1.805;95 %CI:1.705 ∼ 3.031), age 80 and above (OR:2.081;95 %CI:1.010 ∼ 4.288), empty nest family (OR:0.389;95 %CI:0.186 ∼ 0.811)and personal monthly income 2001-3000 (OR:0.353;95CI%:0.180 ∼ 0.693). The influencing factors of urban-rural multimorbidity and non-communicable chronic disease with disability also exist differences at individual, family and social levels.

Conclusions

The prevalence rate of non-communicable chronic diseases among the elderly in Yunnan Province is not optimistic. Personal, family and social factors would affect the non-communicable chronic diseases of the elderly and there exist difference in influencing factor of non-communicable chronic disease between urban and rural areas.