Cory J. D. Matthews, Chris T. Yarnes, Kyle J. Lefort, Tera L. Edkins, Jeremy J. Kiszka, Steven H. Ferguson
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引用次数: 0
摘要
虎鲸（Orcinus orca）季节性地出现在加拿大东部北极地区（ECA），随着海冰的减少，虎鲸的活动范围也随之扩大，这引起了人们对虎鲸捕食北极特有猎物的压力增加所产生的影响的疑问。我们利用对 2009 年至 2020 年期间在加拿大巴芬岛附近采集的 54 块皮肤活检样本的氨基酸（AA）进行大量和特定化合物稳定同位素分析（CSIA），评估了 ECA 虎鲸的饮食和分布情况。ECA虎鲸皮肤的大量δ15N和δ13C值在营养鉴别调整后与潜在的北极猎物并不重叠，而是反映了它们到达ECA之前在北大西洋的觅食历史。调整后的虎鲸稳定同位素（SI）值主要与北大西洋的几种须鲸或金枪鱼重叠。氨基酸（AA）特异性δ15N值表明，ECA虎鲸主要以海洋哺乳动物为食，其谷氨酸δ15N-苯丙氨酸δ15N（δ15NGlx-Phe）和苏氨酸δ15N（δ15NThr）与作为比较框架的来自北太平洋东部（ENP）的以哺乳动物为食的虎鲸相似。然而，一头 ECA 鲸根据δ15NThr 与食鱼的 ENP 生态型归为一类。ECA 虎鲸群独特的基本 AA δ13C，以及与北大西洋不同地区虎鲸的大量 SI 相似性，表明不同种群从一个广泛的来源区汇聚到北极水域。综合食性和远距离扩散能力有利于范围的扩大，综合这些见解对于评估虎鲸捕食压力增加对北极特有物种的生态影响至关重要。
Dietary plasticity and broad North Atlantic origins inferred from bulk and amino acid-specific δ15N and δ13C favour killer whale range expansions into Arctic waters
期刊介绍：
Journal of Animal Ecology publishes the best original research on all aspects of animal ecology, ranging from the molecular to the ecosystem level. These may be field, laboratory and theoretical studies utilising terrestrial, freshwater or marine systems.
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