{"title":"[耳鼻喉科会诊过敏性疾病的诊断和治疗基础]。","authors":"Jonas Kornmann, Benedikt Kramer, Daniel Haeussler","doi":"10.1055/a-2073-9474","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allergies play a pivotal role in the daily practice of ENT specialists. Allergic symptoms induced by inhalant allergens are widespread in the population and can manifest through a wide range of symptoms, including rhinorrhea, sneezing, conjunctival redness, cough and dyspnea. Inconsistent diagnosis and treatment of allergic conditions can lead to reduced quality of life, decreased work performance, and socioeconomically significant secondary diseases. In addition to the medical history, the skin prick test and serological IgE diagnostics are the most important diagnostic procedure for detecting type-I allergies. To clarify clinical relevance, molecular diagnostics and nasal provocation testing may be employed. The key to effective treatment lies in a comprehensive allergological diagnosis coupled with a detailed patient history. General treatment recommendations such as allergen avoidance and nasal irrigation should complement pharmacological therapy. In the treatment of allergic rhinitis topical steroids are first line treatment options. The primary goal of treatment is symptom control, and if control is insufficient, causal therapy through specific allergen immunotherapy is recommended. Challenges in the ENT clinic involve selecting the necessary diagnostics and appropriate, effective treatments. Hence, using diagnostic and treatment algorithms, as well as standardized patient history questionnaires, can serve as invaluable tools in daily patient interactions, especially considering limited time availability.</p>","PeriodicalId":17965,"journal":{"name":"Laryngo-rhino-otologie","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"[Basics in diagnostics and therapy of allergic diseases for ENT consultations].\",\"authors\":\"Jonas Kornmann, Benedikt Kramer, Daniel Haeussler\",\"doi\":\"10.1055/a-2073-9474\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Allergies play a pivotal role in the daily practice of ENT specialists. Allergic symptoms induced by inhalant allergens are widespread in the population and can manifest through a wide range of symptoms, including rhinorrhea, sneezing, conjunctival redness, cough and dyspnea. Inconsistent diagnosis and treatment of allergic conditions can lead to reduced quality of life, decreased work performance, and socioeconomically significant secondary diseases. In addition to the medical history, the skin prick test and serological IgE diagnostics are the most important diagnostic procedure for detecting type-I allergies. To clarify clinical relevance, molecular diagnostics and nasal provocation testing may be employed. The key to effective treatment lies in a comprehensive allergological diagnosis coupled with a detailed patient history. General treatment recommendations such as allergen avoidance and nasal irrigation should complement pharmacological therapy. In the treatment of allergic rhinitis topical steroids are first line treatment options. The primary goal of treatment is symptom control, and if control is insufficient, causal therapy through specific allergen immunotherapy is recommended. Challenges in the ENT clinic involve selecting the necessary diagnostics and appropriate, effective treatments. Hence, using diagnostic and treatment algorithms, as well as standardized patient history questionnaires, can serve as invaluable tools in daily patient interactions, especially considering limited time availability.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17965,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Laryngo-rhino-otologie\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Laryngo-rhino-otologie\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2073-9474\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/7/2 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Laryngo-rhino-otologie","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2073-9474","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/7/2 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
过敏在耳鼻喉科专家的日常工作中扮演着举足轻重的角色。吸入性过敏原诱发的过敏症状在人群中十分普遍,可表现为各种症状,包括鼻出血、打喷嚏、结膜发红、咳嗽和呼吸困难。对过敏性疾病的诊断和治疗不一致会导致生活质量下降、工作绩效降低,并引发严重的继发性社会经济疾病。除了病史,皮肤点刺试验和血清 IgE 诊断是检测 I 型过敏症最重要的诊断程序。为明确临床相关性,可采用分子诊断和鼻激发试验。有效治疗的关键在于全面的过敏诊断和详细的病史。避免接触过敏原和鼻腔冲洗等一般治疗建议应与药物治疗相辅相成。在过敏性鼻炎的治疗中,外用类固醇是一线治疗方案。治疗的首要目标是控制症状,如果控制效果不佳,建议通过特异性过敏原免疫疗法进行病因治疗。耳鼻喉科诊所面临的挑战包括选择必要的诊断和适当有效的治疗。因此,使用诊断和治疗算法以及标准化的患者病史问卷可作为与患者进行日常交流的宝贵工具,尤其是考虑到时间有限。
[Basics in diagnostics and therapy of allergic diseases for ENT consultations].
Allergies play a pivotal role in the daily practice of ENT specialists. Allergic symptoms induced by inhalant allergens are widespread in the population and can manifest through a wide range of symptoms, including rhinorrhea, sneezing, conjunctival redness, cough and dyspnea. Inconsistent diagnosis and treatment of allergic conditions can lead to reduced quality of life, decreased work performance, and socioeconomically significant secondary diseases. In addition to the medical history, the skin prick test and serological IgE diagnostics are the most important diagnostic procedure for detecting type-I allergies. To clarify clinical relevance, molecular diagnostics and nasal provocation testing may be employed. The key to effective treatment lies in a comprehensive allergological diagnosis coupled with a detailed patient history. General treatment recommendations such as allergen avoidance and nasal irrigation should complement pharmacological therapy. In the treatment of allergic rhinitis topical steroids are first line treatment options. The primary goal of treatment is symptom control, and if control is insufficient, causal therapy through specific allergen immunotherapy is recommended. Challenges in the ENT clinic involve selecting the necessary diagnostics and appropriate, effective treatments. Hence, using diagnostic and treatment algorithms, as well as standardized patient history questionnaires, can serve as invaluable tools in daily patient interactions, especially considering limited time availability.
期刊介绍:
Die Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie ist die deutschsprachige Fachzeitschrift für Ärzte in Klinik und Praxis mit Fokus auf die Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie. Die Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie bringt die Themen, die Sie wirklich interessieren und in der täglichen Arbeit unterstützen: Kurze, leicht lesbare Beiträge, interessante Rubriken und Originalarbeiten mit Relevanz für Ihre Arbeit.