利用 ZnS 纳米粒子与壳聚糖的协同潜力增强水介质和纺织废水中的光催化降解能力

IF 4.7 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Journal of Polymers and the Environment Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI:10.1007/s10924-024-03307-4
Shabnam Sheshmani, Mahan Mardali
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究探讨了 ZnS 纳米粒子集成壳聚糖纳米复合材料在降解水和纺织废水中有机染料方面的光催化性能。经傅立叶变换红外光谱、拉曼光谱和 XRD 分析证实,具有立方闪锌矿晶体结构的 ZnS 纳米粒子均匀地分布在壳聚糖基质中。ZnS 的傅立叶变换红外光谱在 410 和 490 cm-1 处显示了峰值(对称和不对称 Zn-S 伸展振动),在 640 cm-1 处显示了峰值(不对称 Zn-S 伸展)。壳聚糖在 893 和 1156 cm-1 处出现条带(C-H 和 C-O-C 弯曲模式),在 1412 cm-1 处出现峰值(C-H 弯曲振动)。ZnS - 壳聚糖纳米复合材料的傅立叶变换红外光谱显示了 619 和 670 cm-1 处的 Zn-S 伸展模式,以及 1000-1117 cm-1 范围内的 ZnS 振动峰。酰胺基团在 1588 cm-1 处出现波段,而壳聚糖在 1399 和 2924 cm-1 处出现波峰(C-H 弯曲和伸缩振动)。3374 cm-1 处的宽带表示壳聚糖的 O-H 和 N-H 伸展。峰值移动表明 ZnS 和壳聚糖官能团之间存在相互作用,从而证实了纳米复合材料的形成。拉曼分析显示,ZnS-壳聚糖相互作用导致峰值变宽。XRD 图谱显示,在 28.6、47.5 和 56.4°的 2θ 值处有强烈的衍射峰,对应于立方的 ZnS 闪锌矿相,而在 2θ = 20°处有一个宽阔的壳聚糖峰,证实了无定形壳聚糖相的存在。扫描电镜图像显示多孔壳聚糖网络中存在球形或近似球形的 ZnS 纳米颗粒(30-70 nm),EDX 图谱也证实了这一点。TGA/DSC 表明壳聚糖在 250-500 °C 左右发生降解。600 °C 时的残余重量百分比直接代表了 ZnS 纳米颗粒的含量。光学研究表明,ZnS 的带隙为 2.6 eV,而 ZnS 的带隙为 4.25 eV。优化后的 ZnS-壳聚糖纳米复合材料对艳蓝 FCF 和酸性橙 2 染料的去除率分别达到 100%和 97.99%,并遵循伪秒阶动力学。由于 ZnS-壳聚糖纳米结构具有高比表面积、良好的吸附性和高效的电荷转移,它对纺织废水中染料的去除率也达到了 90%,超过了单独使用 ZnS 的效果。该纳米复合材料的出色可再利用性突显了其在可持续废水处理方面的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Harnessing the Synergistic Potential of ZnS Nanoparticle-Interfacing Chitosan for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation in Aqueous Media and Textile Wastewater

This study explores the photocatalytic performance of ZnS nanoparticle-integrated chitosan nanocomposite for degrading organic dyes in water and textile wastewater. ZnS nanoparticles with a cubic sphalerite crystal structure were uniformly distributed in a chitosan matrix, as confirmed by FT-IR, Raman, and XRD analyses. The FT-IR spectrum of ZnS displayed peaks at 410 and 490 cm‒1 (symmetric and asymmetric Zn‒S stretching vibrations) and a peak at 640 cm‒1 (asymmetric Zn‒S stretching). Chitosan exhibited bands at 893 and 1156 cm‒1 (C‒H and C‒O‒C bending modes) and a peak at 1412 cm‒1 (C‒H bending vibrations). The FT-IR spectrum of the ZnS-chitosan nanocomposite showed Zn‒S stretching modes at 619 and 670 cm‒1, along with peaks in the 1000–1117 cm‒1 range attributed to ZnS vibrations. Amide groups were represented by bands at 1588 cm‒1, while chitosan contributed peaks at 1399 and 2924 cm‒1 (C‒H bending and stretching vibrations). A broad band at 3374 cm‒1 indicated O‒H and N‒H stretching of chitosan. Peak shifts indicated interactions between ZnS and chitosan functional groups, confirming the formation of the nanocomposite. Raman analysis revealed peak broadening due to ZnS-chitosan interactions. XRD patterns exhibited intense diffraction peaks at 2θ values of 28.6, 47.5, and 56.4°, corresponding to the cubic ZnS sphalerite phase, and a broad chitosan peak at 2θ = 20°, confirming the presence of amorphous chitosan phases. SEM images depicted spherical or near-spherical ZnS nanoparticles (30–70 nm) within the porous chitosan network, confirmed by EDX mapping. TGA/DSC indicated chitosan degradation around 250–500 °C. The residual weight% at 600 °C directly represents the content of ZnS nanoparticles. Optical studies demonstrated a reduced band gap of 2.6 eV compared to 4.25 eV for ZnS. The optimized ZnS-chitosan nanocomposite achieved up to 100% and 97.99% removal efficiency for Brilliant Blue FCF and Acid Orange 2 dyes, respectively, following pseudo-second-order kinetics. It also demonstrated 90% dye removal from textile wastewater, surpassing ZnS alone due to the high surface area, favorable adsorption, and efficient charge transfer facilitated by the ZnS-chitosan nanostructure. The excellent reusability of the nanocomposite highlights its potential for sustainable wastewater treatment.

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来源期刊
Journal of Polymers and the Environment
Journal of Polymers and the Environment 工程技术-高分子科学
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
7.50%
发文量
297
审稿时长
9 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Polymers and the Environment fills the need for an international forum in this diverse and rapidly expanding field. The journal serves a crucial role for the publication of information from a wide range of disciplines and is a central outlet for the publication of high-quality peer-reviewed original papers, review articles and short communications. The journal is intentionally interdisciplinary in regard to contributions and covers the following subjects - polymers, environmentally degradable polymers, and degradation pathways: biological, photochemical, oxidative and hydrolytic; new environmental materials: derived by chemical and biosynthetic routes; environmental blends and composites; developments in processing and reactive processing of environmental polymers; characterization of environmental materials: mechanical, physical, thermal, rheological, morphological, and others; recyclable polymers and plastics recycling environmental testing: in-laboratory simulations, outdoor exposures, and standardization of methodologies; environmental fate: end products and intermediates of biodegradation; microbiology and enzymology of polymer biodegradation; solid-waste management and public legislation specific to environmental polymers; and other related topics.
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