抗体糖基化在自身免疫性和同种免疫性肾病中的作用。

IF 28.6 1区 医学 Q1 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY Nature Reviews Nephrology Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI:10.1038/s41581-024-00850-0
Anaïs Beyze, Christian Larroque, Moglie Le Quintrec
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引用次数: 0

摘要

免疫球蛋白糖基化是驱动抗体功能多样化的关键机制。IgG 糖基化的组成受环境因素、遗传特征和炎症环境的影响。差异化的 IgG 糖基化已被证明能错综复杂地调节 IgG 的效应功能,并在各种疾病的发生和发展中发挥作用。因此,IgG糖基化分析是预测疾病严重程度的一种有前途的工具。一些自身免疫和同种免疫疾病,包括系统性红斑狼疮、抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(ANCA)相关性血管炎和抗体介导的肾移植排斥反应等危重且可能危及生命的疾病,都是由免疫球蛋白驱动的。在某些由 IgG 驱动的肾脏疾病中,包括原发性膜性肾病、IgA 肾病和狼疮性肾炎,特定的糖蛋白特征会增强原位补体激活和先天性免疫细胞的募集,从而导致更严重的肾脏损伤。低粘糖基化、低半乳糖基化和低糖基化是这些疾病中最常见的 IgG 糖基化特征。因此,调节 IgG 糖基化可能是一种很有前景的治疗策略,可用于调节 IgG 驱动的肾脏疾病的免疫机制,并有可能减轻受影响患者使用免疫抑制剂的负担。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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The role of antibody glycosylation in autoimmune and alloimmune kidney diseases
Immunoglobulin glycosylation is a pivotal mechanism that drives the diversification of antibody functions. The composition of the IgG glycome is influenced by environmental factors, genetic traits and inflammatory contexts. Differential IgG glycosylation has been shown to intricately modulate IgG effector functions and has a role in the initiation and progression of various diseases. Analysis of IgG glycosylation is therefore a promising tool for predicting disease severity. Several autoimmune and alloimmune disorders, including critical and potentially life-threatening conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis and antibody-mediated kidney graft rejection, are driven by immunoglobulin. In certain IgG-driven kidney diseases, including primary membranous nephropathy, IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis, particular glycome characteristics can enhance in situ complement activation and the recruitment of innate immune cells, resulting in more severe kidney damage. Hypofucosylation, hypogalactosylation and hyposialylation are the most common IgG glycosylation traits identified in these diseases. Modulating IgG glycosylation could therefore be a promising therapeutic strategy for regulating the immune mechanisms that underlie IgG-driven kidney diseases and potentially reduce the burden of immunosuppressive drugs in affected patients. Here, the authors review the impact of IgG glycosylation in kidney diseases, particularly autoimmune diseases and antibody-mediated rejection. They also discuss the signalling pathways that govern antibody glycosylation, the impact of glycosylation on antibody functions and implications for therapy.
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来源期刊
Nature Reviews Nephrology
Nature Reviews Nephrology 医学-泌尿学与肾脏学
CiteScore
39.00
自引率
1.20%
发文量
127
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Nature Reviews Nephrology aims to be the premier source of reviews and commentaries for the scientific communities it serves. It strives to publish authoritative, accessible articles. Articles are enhanced with clearly understandable figures, tables, and other display items. Nature Reviews Nephrology publishes Research Highlights, News & Views, Comments, Reviews, Perspectives, and Consensus Statements. The content is relevant to nephrologists and basic science researchers. The broad scope of the journal ensures that the work reaches the widest possible audience.
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