大气微塑料综述:来源、特征和检测方法

IF 6.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Current Pollution Reports Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI:10.1007/s40726-024-00316-8
Ning Zhang, Chongchong Zhang, Yiming Qin, Junfeng Wang, Xinlei Ge, Haiwei Li, Yuan Dai, Eleonora Aruffo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

微塑料(MPs)在大气中无处不在,平均寿命为一周到数周。它们的来源多种多样,包括工业活动的直接排放、较大塑料碎片的破碎以及陆地和水生环境的迁移。据报道,大气中的 MPs(AMPs)对人类健康、气候强迫和空气质量有重要影响。它可以吸收和释放有害化学物质,可能通过摄入或吸入影响人类健康。此外,它还能促进太阳辐射的吸收和散射,从而可能改变地球的辐射平衡。然而,它们对健康和气候的影响还存在很大的不确定性,这主要是由于 MPs 在大气中经历了复杂的物理、化学或生物老化过程,导致其化学成分和形态发生巨大变化。因此,人们对大气污染物的转化机制仍然知之甚少,这阻碍了我们建立大气污染物变化响应模型的能力。本综述总结了目前有关大气污染物的知识,重点介绍了它们的来源、特征和检测方法。文献中用于测量和描述 AMPs 的检测技术多种多样,这使得对结果进行比较变得复杂。此外,以往的研究主要集中在大气沉降样本中的纤维塑料,而关于其他类型塑料的识别研究在文献中寥寥无几。我们强调了与评估 AMP 的分布、丰度和组成相关的挑战,并讨论了标准化采样和分析协议的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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A Review of Atmospheric Microplastics: Sources, Characteristics, and Detection Method

Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the atmosphere, with an average lifetime of 1 week to several weeks. They originate from various sources, including direct emissions from industrial activities, fragmentation of larger plastic debris, and transport from terrestrial and aquatic environments. Atmospheric MPs (AMPs) have been reported to play vital impacts on human health, climate forcing, and air quality. It could absorb and release harmful chemicals, potentially affecting human health through ingestion or inhalation. Additionally, it could contribute to the absorption and scattering of solar radiation, potentially altering the Earth’s radiation balance. However, there is great uncertainty about their health and climate effects, mainly due to MPs undergoing complex physical, chemical, or biological aging in the atmosphere, which results in great changes in their chemical composition and morphonology. Therefore, the transformation mechanisms of AMPs are still poorly understood, hampering our ability to model responses to changes in AMPs.

This review summarizes the current knowledge on AMPs, focusing on their sources, characteristics, and detection methods. The variety of the detection techniques used to measure and characterize the AMPs present in literature makes it complex to compare the results. In addition, previous studies were mainly focused on fiber plastics in atmospheric deposition samples, whereas only few studies have been found in the literature about the identification of other types of plastics. We highlight the challenges associated with assessing the distribution, abundance, and composition of AMPs and discuss the need for standardized sampling and analytical protocols.

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来源期刊
Current Pollution Reports
Current Pollution Reports Environmental Science-Water Science and Technology
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
1.40%
发文量
31
期刊介绍: Current Pollution Reports provides in-depth review articles contributed by international experts on the most significant developments in the field of environmental pollution.By presenting clear, insightful, balanced reviews that emphasize recently published papers of major importance, the journal elucidates current and emerging approaches to identification, characterization, treatment, management of pollutants and much more.
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