工伤事故、经济决定因素和报告不足:意大利的经验分析

IF 4.6 3区 管理学 Q1 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR International Journal of Manpower Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI:10.1108/ijm-01-2024-0026
Maria Alessandra Antonelli, Angelo Castaldo, Marco Forti, Alessia Marrocco, Andrea Salustri
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的本文从地区层面对意大利的职业事故进行了分析。为此,我们的面板由 2010-2019 年期间的 20 个地区组成。我们使用国家统计局和国家统计局的数据,采用不同的计量经济学估算技术(集合 OLS 模型、面板固定效应和随机效应模型以及半参数固定模型)。我们的模型考虑了社会经济、劳动力市场和生产系统变量,并控制了可能存在的漏报偏差,从而研究了地区层面的工伤事故。研究结果总体结果显示,在中度事故方面,工伤事故存在相关的漏报现象,尤其是在意大利南部地区。然而,如果将更严重的工伤事故作为另一个结果变量,我们的模型规范仍然具有高度的联合统计意义。在我们的主要发现中,分析表明工人技能(蓝领)对工伤事故的地区模式有很大影响,即低薪雇员每增加 1%,每千名工人的严重工伤事故就会增加 1.8 起。此外,我们还提供了企业规模与工伤事故率成反比的证据。最后,我们的研究结果表明,在意大利地区范围内,国内生产总值与职业事故之间存在非线性关系,所有估计线性模型中二次项的高度统计意义以及半参数分析都证实了这一点。 原创性/价值我们研究的第一个原创性要素是在意大利地区层面调查职业事故的宏观决定因素。其次,实证文献(Boone 和 Van Ours,2006 年)强调了非致命性事故报告不足行为可能存在的偏差,而致命性事故则一直都有报告。从这一角度出发,我们发现有一些分析(即 Boone 等人,2011 年)考虑了不同严重程度的事故集。因此,本文考虑了按严重程度(即中度、重度、中度加重度、重度加死亡和总事故率)分层的五个备选事故子集,以检验影响我们计量经济学模型的可能的漏报偏差,从而为相关文献做出了贡献。
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Workplace accidents, economic determinants and underreporting: an empirical analysis in Italy

Purpose

This paper proposes an analysis of occupational accidents in Italy at the regional level. For this purpose, our panel is composed of 20 regions over the 2010–2019 time span.

Design/methodology/approach

We apply different econometric estimation techniques (pooled OLS model, panel fixed and random effects models and semiparametric fixed model) using INAIL and ISTAT data. Our models investigate workplace accidents at the regional level by accounting for socioeconomic, labour market and productive system variables and controlling for possible underreporting bias.

Findings

Overall results reveal the existence of a relevant under-notification phenomenon of accidents at work with respect to moderate accidents, that is higher especially for the southern regions of Italy. However, when considering as outcome variable an alternative set of more severe workplace accidents our model specification remains highly jointly statistically significant. Among our main findings, the analysis shows that worker skills (blue collar) strongly affect the regional pattern of workplace accidents, i.e. an increase of 1% of low paid employees generates about an increase of 1.8 severe workplace accidents per thousand workers. Moreover, we provide evidence that the size of the firm is inversely related to the occupational accident rates. Finally, our results highlight a nonlinear relationship between GDP and occupational accidents for the Italian regional context, confirmed by the high statistical significance of the quadratic term in all the estimated linear models and by the semi-parametric analysis.

Originality/value

A first element of originality of our study consists of investigating the macro determinants of occupation accidents at a regional Italian level. Second, the empirical literature (Boone and Van Ours, 2006) highlights the possible bias of underreporting behaviours on nonfatal accidents in contrast to fatal accidents that are always reported. From this perspective, we have identified a few analyses (namely, Boone et al., 2011) considering different accident sets characterised by different severity degrees. Thus, this paper contributes to the literature considering five alternative subsets of accidents stratified by degree of severity (i.e. moderate, severe, moderate plus severe, severe plus fatal and total accident rates) to test for possible underreporting bias affecting our econometric model.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
11.40%
发文量
80
期刊介绍: ■Employee welfare ■Human aspects during the introduction of technology ■Human resource recruitment, retention and development ■National and international aspects of HR planning ■Objectives of human resource planning and forecasting requirements ■The working environment
期刊最新文献
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