不同气候条件下大气集水的技术经济分析

IF 7.4 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL ACS ES&T engineering Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI:10.1021/acsestengg.4c00098
Natalie Gayoso, Emily Moylan, Wenny Noha, Jingjing Wang and Anjali Mulchandani*, 
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引用次数: 0

摘要

随着地下水和地表水供应的减少,饮用水稀缺已成为全球性挑战。大气是一个替代性淡水库,具有普遍可用性,可以作为饮用水收集。为了有效地进行大气水收集(AWH),我们需要:(1)了解不同气候区域(如干旱、温带和热带)如何影响可收集的水量;(2)确定购买、运行和供电 AWH 的成本。这项研究将热力学与技术经济分析相结合,计算出水处理后的代表性冷凝式 AWH 设备的水生产率和成本明细。我们根据气候和电力来源(电网电力与太阳能光伏发电(PV)产生的可再生能源)计算出 AWH 的月度和年度平准水成本。在我们的模型中,热带气候下 AWH 每月可提供 1744-2710 升水,温带气候下为 394-1983 升水,干旱气候下为 37-1470 升水。由电网供电的 AWH 的平准水成本在热带气候下为 0.06 美元/升,在温带气候下为 0.09 美元/升,在干旱气候下为 0.17 美元/升。如果在购买 AWH 设备时购买离网太阳能光伏发电装置为 AWH 供电,则在干旱气候条件下,成本增加到 0.40 美元/升;在温带气候条件下,成本增加到 0.17 美元/升;在热带气候条件下,成本增加到 0.10 美元/升。然而,如果使用现有的太阳能光伏发电设备,则购买和使用现有太阳能光伏发电设备之间的成本可能会降低 4.25-5 倍,使用电网和现有太阳能光伏发电设备之间的成本可能会降低 2-3 倍,热带气候下的成本降低幅度最大。使用现有的太阳能光伏发电设备,在干旱气候条件下,AWH 的平准化成本为 0.09 美元/升,在温带气候条件下为 0.04 美元/升,在热带气候条件下为 0.02 美元/升。
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Techno-Economic Analysis of Atmospheric Water Harvesting Across Climates

Drinking water scarcity is a global challenge as groundwater and surface water availability diminishes. The atmosphere is an alternative freshwater reservoir that has universal availability and could be harvested as drinking water. In order to effectively perform atmospheric water harvesting (AWH), we need to (1) understand how different climate regions (e.g., arid, temperate, and tropical) drive the amount of water that can be harvested and (2) determine the cost to purchase, operate, and power AWH. This research pairs thermodynamics with techno-economic analysis to calculate the water productivity and cost breakdown of a representative condensation-based AWH unit with water treatment. We calculate the monthly and annual levelized cost of water from AWH as a function of climate and power source (grid electricity vs renewable energy from solar photovoltaics (PV)). In our modeled unit, AWH can provide 1744–2710 L/month in a tropical climate, 394–1983 L/month in a temperate climate, and 37–1470 L/month in an arid climate. The levelized cost of water of AWH powered by the electrical grid is $0.06/L in a tropical climate, $0.09/L in a temperate climate, and $0.17/L in an arid climate. If off-grid solar PV was purchased at the time of purchasing the AWH unit to power the AWH, the costs increase to $0.40/L in an arid climate, $0.17/L in a temperate climate, and $0.10/L in a tropical climate. However, if using existing solar PV there are potential cost reductions of 4.25–5-fold between purchasing and using existing solar PV, and 2–3-fold between using the electrical grid and existing solar PV, with the highest cost reductions occurring in the tropical climate. Using existing solar PV, the levelized cost of AWH is $0.09/L in an arid climate, $0.04/L in a temperate climate, and $0.02/L in a tropical climate.

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来源期刊
ACS ES&T engineering
ACS ES&T engineering ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL-
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
0.00%
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0
期刊介绍: ACS ES&T Engineering publishes impactful research and review articles across all realms of environmental technology and engineering, employing a rigorous peer-review process. As a specialized journal, it aims to provide an international platform for research and innovation, inviting contributions on materials technologies, processes, data analytics, and engineering systems that can effectively manage, protect, and remediate air, water, and soil quality, as well as treat wastes and recover resources. The journal encourages research that supports informed decision-making within complex engineered systems and is grounded in mechanistic science and analytics, describing intricate environmental engineering systems. It considers papers presenting novel advancements, spanning from laboratory discovery to field-based application. However, case or demonstration studies lacking significant scientific advancements and technological innovations are not within its scope. Contributions containing experimental and/or theoretical methods, rooted in engineering principles and integrated with knowledge from other disciplines, are welcomed.
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