Mycobacterium Infection of Abscess with Hemoptysis as the Initial Manifestation.

Background: Mycobacterium abscessus is a new pathogen in recent years, which belongs to non-tuberculosis mycobacterium. Mycobacterium abscessus is widely involved in many nosocomial infections and secondary aggravation of genetic respiratory diseases. Mycobacterium abscessus is naturally resistant to most antibiotics and is difficult to treat. We report a case of mycobacterium abscessus infection with hemoptysis as the first manifestation.

Methods: Bronchoscopy, next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Results: Acid-fast staining of bronchoscopic lavage fluid showed that a small amount of acid-fast bacilli could be seen. NGS test showed the presence of Mycobacterium abscess, sequence number 137 (reference range ≥ 0), and symptomatic treatment against non-tuberculosis mycobacteria.

Conclusions: For the follow-up infection of patients with hemoptysis, the treatment effect of antibiotics is not good, so the pathological tissue should be obtained by bronchoscopy or percutaneous lung biopsy in time, and the diagnosis should be confirmed by NGS if necessary.