青少年的乐观情绪、创伤后应激障碍和创伤后成长：逆境信念和情感的中介效应纵向分析

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of Happiness Studies Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI:10.1007/s10902-024-00770-7

Yifan Li, Yingying Ye, Xiao Zhou

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究探讨了积极逆境信念和情感在青少年乐观情绪、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和创伤后成长（PTG）之间关系中的中介作用。我们在汶川地震后 8.5 年（T1）、9.5 年（T2）和 10 年（T3）进行了三次评估。共有 449 名地震幸存者（年龄：13.44 岁，平均年龄：1.31 岁）完成了有关乐观（T1）、创伤后应激障碍（T3）、创伤后应激成长（T3）、积极逆境信念（T2）、积极情绪（T2）和消极情绪（T2）的问卷调查。在控制了青少年的性别、年龄、创伤暴露程度、学习成绩及其父母的工作状况后，乐观情绪与创伤后应激障碍直接相关，并通过积极的逆境信念、消极情绪和 "积极的逆境信念-消极情绪 "与创伤后应激障碍间接相关。乐观情绪通过积极逆境信念、积极情绪、消极情绪、"积极逆境信念-积极情绪 "和 "积极逆境信念-消极情绪 "与创伤后应激障碍间接相关。这些研究结果表明，创伤后应激障碍和创伤后心理辅导受不同机制的影响：积极情绪促进创伤后心理辅导，而消极情绪则同时加速创伤后应激障碍和创伤后心理辅导。因此，创伤后心理服务应着重帮助青少年培养乐观、积极的信念，发展情绪调节能力。

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Optimism, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Posttraumatic Growth Among Adolescents: A Longitudinal Analysis of the Mediating Effects of Adversity Belief and Affect

This study investigated the mediating roles of positive adversity beliefs and affect in the relationships between optimism, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and posttraumatic growth (PTG) among adolescents. We conducted three assessment waves 8.5 (T1), 9.5 (T2), and 10 (T3) years after the Wenchuan earthquake. Overall, 449 earthquake survivors (M_age = 13.44, SD = 1.31 years) completed questionnaires regarding optimism (T1), PTSD (T3), PTG (T3), positive adversity beliefs (T2), positive affect (T2), and negative affect (T2). After controlling for adolescents’ gender, age, trauma exposure, school performance, and their parents’ working status, optimism was directly associated with PTSD and indirectly associated with PTSD via positive adversity beliefs, negative affect, and “positive adversity beliefs-negative affect”. Optimism was indirectly associated with PTG via positive adversity beliefs, positive affect, negative affect, “positive adversity beliefs-positive affect”, and “positive adversity beliefs-negative affect”. These findings suggested that PTSD and PTG were influenced by different mechanisms: positive affect fostered PTG and negative affect accelerated both PTSD and PTG. Therefore, posttraumatic psychological services should focus on helping adolescents cultivate optimism and positive beliefs and develop emotion regulation skills.

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来源期刊

Journal of Happiness Studies Multiple-

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

6.50%

发文量

110

期刊介绍： The international peer-reviewed Journal of Happiness Studies is devoted to theoretical and applied advancements in all areas of well-being research. It covers topics referring to both the hedonic and eudaimonic perspectives characterizing well-being studies. The former includes the investigation of cognitive dimensions such as satisfaction with life, and positive affect and emotions. The latter includes the study of constructs and processes related to optimal psychological functioning, such as meaning and purpose in life, character strengths, personal growth, resilience, optimism, hope, and self-determination. In addition to contributions on appraisal of life-as-a-whole, the journal accepts papers investigating these topics in relation to specific domains, such as family, education, physical and mental health, and work. The journal welcomes high-quality theoretical and empirical submissions in the fields of economics, psychology and sociology, as well as contributions from researchers in the domains of education, medicine, philosophy and other related fields. The Journal of Happiness Studies provides a forum for three main areas in happiness research: 1) theoretical conceptualizations of well-being, happiness and the good life; 2) empirical investigation of well-being and happiness in different populations, contexts and cultures; 3) methodological advancements and development of new assessment instruments. The journal addresses the conceptualization, operationalization and measurement of happiness and well-being dimensions, as well as the individual, socio-economic and cultural factors that may interact with them as determinants or outcomes. Central Questions include, but are not limited to: Conceptualization: What meanings are denoted by terms like happiness and well-being? How do these fit in with broader conceptions of the good life? Operationalization and Measurement: Which methods can be used to assess how people feel about life? How to operationalize a new construct or an understudied dimension in the well-being domain? What are the best measures for investigating specific well-being related constructs and dimensions? Prevalence and causality Do individuals belonging to different populations and cultures vary in their well-being ratings? How does individual well-being relate to social and economic phenomena (characteristics, circumstances, behavior, events, and policies)? What are the personal, social and economic determinants and causes of individual well-being dimensions? Evaluation: What are the consequences of well-being for individual development and socio-economic progress? Are individual happiness and well-being worthwhile goals for governments and policy makers? Does well-being represent a useful parameter to orient planning in physical and mental healthcare, and in public health? Interdisciplinary studies: How has the study of happiness developed within and across disciplines? Can we link philosophical thought and empirical research? What are the biological correlates of well-being dimensions?