论整数/复数/四元数三元组费马最后定理中的多项式方程 a n+bn=cn 本身的简单可分性限制

Sandor Kristyan
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摘要

本文分析了费马最后定理(FLT,1637 年)中著名方程 a n+bn=cn 的可分性限制,即如果 n 大于 2,它如何选择出许多三元组作为费马三元组(即解),从而降低了费马三元组的万有引力。在我们的分析中,对正整数(PI)解((a,b,c,n)直到没有解为止)的限制并不是像文献中那样对 PI 中的幂 n 作为包含{odd}包含{primes}包含{regular primes}等的递减集 {PI } 的限制,而是对 PI 中越来越多的 c 作为 {PI} 中 {p k} 的递增集 {primesp} 的排除。我们分析了费马方程中的可分性和同素数性质与解的排除关系,并展示了 gcd(a,b,c)、gcd(a+b,cn)、gcd(c-a,bn)和 gcd(c-b,an)的同时取值对解的万有引力下降的影响。同样,我们的推导主要集中在变量 c 而不是变量 n 上,这与历史上通过幂的值来区分 FLT 的文献正好相反。其中最有名的是已知的、已有约 2500 年历史的毕达哥拉斯三段论(a,b,c,n=2),以及不到 400 年前的第一个里程碑式的证明案例(高斯证明了 n=3,后来欧拉(1753 年)证明了 n=4,费马证明了 n=4)。众所周知,怀尔斯在 1995 年以一种抽象的迂回方式证明了 FLT。本文对 n<0,n:=1/m,以及复数和四元数(a,b,c)的情况进行了评论,重点放在毕达哥拉斯上。奇数幂 FLT 超四元数断裂。
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On the Simple Divisibility Restrictions by Polynomial Equation a n+bn=cn Itself in Fermat Last Theorem for Integer/Complex/Quaternion Triples
The divisibility restrictions in the famous equation a n+bn=cn in Fermat Last Theorem (FLT, 1637) is analyzed how it selects out many triples to be Fermat triple (i.e. solutions) if n greater than 2, decreasing the cardinality of Fermat triples. In our analysis, the restriction on positive integer (PI) solutions ((a,b,c,n) up to the point when there is no more) is not along with restriction on power n in PI as decreasing sets {PI } containing {odd} containing {primes} containing {regular primes}, etc. as in the literature, but with respect to exclusion of more and more c in PI as increasing sets {primes p} in {p k} in {PI}. The divisibility and co-prime property in Fermat equation is analyzed in relation to exclusion of solutions, and the effect of simultaneous values of gcd(a,b,c), gcd(a+b,cn), gcd(c-a,bn) and gcd(c-b,an) on the decrease of cardinality of solutions is exhibited. Again, our derivation focuses mainly on the variable c rather than on variable n, oppositely to the literature in which the FLT is historically separated via the values of power n. Among the most famous are the known, about 2500 years old, existing Pythagorean triples (a,b,c,n=2) and the first milestones as the proved cases (of non-existence as n=3 by Gauss and later by Euler (1753) and n=4 by Fermat) less than 400 years ago. As it is known, Wiles has proved the FLT in 1995 in an abstract roundabout way. The n<0, n:=1/m, as well as complex and quaternion (a,b,c) cases focusing on Pythagoreans are commented. Odd powers FLT over quaternions breaks.
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