Optimizing energy harvesting with diversity in cooperative simultaneous wireless information and power transfer systems

Radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting (EH) for wireless networks provides a green and sustainable solution and offers an energy-efficient system. It is most crucial for fulfilling the power requirement of the rising number of low-powered wireless devices and achieving sustainable development goals (SDG). It ensures the longevity of devices in the network even at inaccessible remote locations. Such RF-EH-based mechanisms are utilized in simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) systems. Most of the prevailing studies have analyzed the SWIPT system over conventional fading channels. However, due to the higher rate requirements, the current paradigm shift in frequency usage shifts towards the GHz band, which also offers better EH efficiency. Hence, SWIPT system analysis over the channel that is suitable for mm-wave signal propagation is dealt with in this study. This study evaluates SWIPT performance over fluctuating two-ray (FTR) fading channel that is crucial since it provides the best fit for characterizing GHz signal and also provides a generalized framework for most of the conventional fading channels. This study presents new analytical results assuming time switch relaying (TSR) protocol with (i) amplify and forward (AF) and (ii) decode and forward (DF) relaying. The results are also analyzed for H branches maximal ratio combining (MRC) diversity technique and evaluated the diversity gain for both AF and DF relays. The effectiveness of the system is measured in terms of system outage probability (SOP) to envisage the reliability of SWIPT based system. This work presents the simulation and modeling of such system and its obtained results are validated by Monte Carlo simulations for their accuracy.