Determination of Resistance Levels of National Potato Cultivars and Clones Against Golden Cyst Nematode Pathotype Ro2/3 via Phenotypic and DNA Marker-Assisted Characterization

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of our important agricultural products, which is the main food source for people in Türkiye, as well as all over the world. There are many diseases and pests that reduce productivity in potato plant production. Potato cyst nematodes (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) are pests that are on the quarantine list of the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization and cause serious yield losses. Since they are soil-borne pathogens and there is no effective chemical control, the most successful control method is to use resistant cultivars. The aim of the study was to determine the resistance levels of local and national potato cultivars and clones developed by the Nigde Potato Research Institute against the Globodera rostochiensis Ro2/3 pathotype using molecular marker analysis and biotesting methods. The biotest study was carried out by inoculating 7500 eggs and larvae of the Globedera rostochiensis pathotype Ro2/3 into pots. In the molecular marker analysis, resistance was investigated with TG689, 57R, Gro1-4 markers. While all cultivars and clones except Bettina were grouped as sensitive in the biotesting study, the H1 resistance gene was detected in Onaran, Ünlenen, Leventbey, Muratbey, Nahita, Agria, Madeleine, Desiree and Bettina cultivars by molecular marker analysis. H1 and Gro1-4 resistance genes were detected in the PAE 13–08-07, PAE 13–08-08 and PAE 13–08-14 clones used in the experiment. The results showed that clones developed by the Potato Research Institute exhibited highly resistant marker alleles for the Ro2/3 pathotype of G. rostochiensis. The results of phenotyping study and the molecular marker study were not similar.