Research progress on anti-cancer mechanism of salidroside regulating miRNA-mRNA signaling axis

MiRNA (MicroRNA) can target and regulate mRNA, thereby influencing the biological processes of tumors. The extract of Tibetan medicine Rhodiola demonstrates anti-tumor effects by targeting and regulating cancer-related signaling molecules and pathways. This review aims to pave the way for integrating salidroside into clinical practice, fully leverage its multi-effective and multi-targeted biological effects, and innovate approaches to tumor prevention and management, thus enhancing cancer prognosis. We initially delve into the occurrence and mechanism of action of miRNA, as well as the anti-tumor mechanism of the miRNA-mRNA signaling axis. Additionally, it was described that salidroside can hinder cancer cell proliferation by inducing autophagy and apoptosis, inhibiting cell metastasis and invasion, and modulating the tumor microenvironment and cell cycle. Moreover, examples from lung cancer, gastric cancer, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma confirm that salidroside regulates the onset and progression of tumors through the miRNA-mRNA signaling axis. This groundbreaking discovery carries significant implications for cancer diagnosis and treatment, offering a novel pathway for therapeutic intervention.