脑瘫儿童治疗和康复措施的分析与评估

A. Abdykarova, I. Aldashukurov, R. Mametov, E. Topchubaeva, Z. Akmatova, A. Tabaldyev
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摘要

本研究专门分析吉尔吉斯共和国脑瘫儿童的残疾情况。社会障碍是脑瘫儿童的典型特征,在大多数情况下是由多种类型的残疾造成的--身体独立性和行动能力受限;接受教育的能力和掌握未来职业活动基础知识的能力,以及融入社会的准备程度。此外,还存在医疗、人口、社会经济因素以及医疗资源对发病率统计和脑瘫发病率的影响问题。文章分析了奥什市肌肉骨骼残疾儿童康复中心 2021-2023 年的活动。为了评估医疗康复的质量,还对医疗康复中心 2021-2023 年的病史进行了分析和评估。访谈使用的是我们专门编制的调查问卷,其中包括 12 个问题。通过对在该中心接受医疗康复的脑瘫患儿的病史进行分析,发现造成这种情况的主要原因是:产伤、宫内感染、早产、出生体重不足、神经感染和岁前严重脑膜炎球菌感染、贫血、先天性畸形和各种躯体疾病。所获得的数据证实,有必要建立一个统一的脑瘫(CP)儿童数据库。这将改善脑瘫儿童医疗和社会康复的组织工作。联合数据库将有助于收集有关各种康复方法的原因、特点和效果的信息,从而有助于更有效地管理和照顾这一弱势儿童群体。
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Analysis and Evaluation of Treatment and Rehabilitation Measures for Children with Cerebral Palsy
The study is devoted to the analysis of disability in children with cerebral palsy in the Kyrgyz Republic. Social impairment is typical for children with cerebral palsy, caused in most cases by multiple types of disability - restrictions on physical independence and mobility; ability to obtain an education, and master the basics of professional activity in the future, readiness for integration into society. In addition, there are problems about the impact of medical, demographic, socio-economic factors, as well as health care resources on morbidity statistics and the incidence of cerebral palsy. The article analyzes the activities of the rehabilitation center for children with musculoskeletal disabilities in the city of Osh for 2021-2023. In order to assess the quality of medical rehabilitation, an analysis and assessment of the medical history of the Center for Medical Rehabilitation from 2021-2023 was also carried out. The interviewing was carried out using a questionnaire specially developed by us, including 12 questions. When analyzing the medical history of children diagnosed with cerebral palsy who underwent medical rehabilitation at the center, it was revealed that the main causes of this condition are: birth injuries, intrauterine infection, premature birth, low birth weight, neuroinfection and severe meningococcal infection before the age of years, anemia, congenital malformations and various somatic diseases. The data obtained confirm the need to create a unified database of children with cerebral palsy (CP). This will improve the organization of medical and social rehabilitation of children suffering from cerebral palsy. The joint database will help collect information on the reasons, characteristics and effectiveness of various rehabilitation methods, which in turn will contribute to more effective management and care of this vulnerable group of children.
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