通过新型功能材料改进电化学传感器上的电催化氧化还原过程,从而提高痕量 Pb2⁺的检测能力:简评

Catalysts Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI:10.3390/catal14070451
Duowen Yang, Xinyu Wang, Hao Xu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

有效检测铅离子(Pb2⁺)对环境保护和公众健康意义重大。电化学检测因其检测限低、灵敏度高和成本效益高而成为最有前途的技术之一。然而,目前仍存在一些重大挑战,包括与灵敏度、选择性、干扰和电极材料稳定性有关的问题。本综述探讨了这一领域的最新进展,重点关注新型催化材料和创新传感器构造方法的整合。其中特别强调使用先进的纳米材料(如 MXenes、铁氧体基纳米材料、碳纳米材料和金属有机框架 (MOF))来增强传感器表面的电催化氧化还原过程。此外,还讨论了生物材料和酶在提高电化学传感器的选择性和抗干扰能力方面的作用。尽管实现了令人印象深刻的低检测限,但由于环境样本的复杂成分,实际应用仍面临更多挑战。综述最后展望了利用催化材料的独特性质开发更有效、更可靠的痕量 Pb2⁺检测电化学传感器以克服这些挑战的未来前景。
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Enhancing Trace Pb2⁺ Detection via Novel Functional Materials for Improved Electrocatalytic Redox Processes on Electrochemical Sensors: A Short Review
The efficient detection of lead ions (Pb2⁺) is significant for environmental protection and public health. Electrochemical detection has emerged as one of the most promising technologies due to its low detection limits, high sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness. However, significant challenges remain, including issues related to sensitivity, selectivity, interference, and the stability of electrode materials. This review explores recent advancements in the field, focusing on integrating novel catalytic materials and innovative sensor construction methods. Particular emphasis is placed on enhancing the electrocatalytic redox processes on sensor surfaces using advanced nanomaterials such as MXenes, ferrite-based nanomaterials, carbon nanomaterials, and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). Additionally, the role of biomaterials and enzymes in improving electrochemical sensors’ selectivity and anti-interference capabilities is discussed. Despite the impressive low detection limits achieved, real-world applications present additional challenges due to the complex composition of environmental samples. The review concludes with future perspectives on overcoming these challenges by leveraging the unique properties of catalytic materials to develop more effective and reliable electrochemical sensors for trace Pb2⁺ detection.
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