肥胖与炎症之间的相互作用

Life Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI:10.3390/life14070856
I. Săvulescu-Fiedler, Razvan Mihalcea, S. Dragosloveanu, C. Scheau, Radu Octavian Baz, A. Căruntu, A. Scheau, Constantin Căruntu, Serban Nicolae Benea
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引用次数: 0

摘要

肥胖症是一种影响众多患者生活质量的重要疾病,会增加他们罹患多种疾病(包括肿瘤和免疫性疾病)的风险。炎症似乎在肥胖症的发展过程中扮演着重要角色,是脂肪组织中细胞和体液成分活动的中心点。巨噬细胞作为脂肪组织的主要细胞成分,在调节慢性炎症、调节各种促炎和抗炎细胞因子的分泌和分化方面发挥着关键作用。炎症还涉及一系列信号通路,可能是新疗法和干预措施的重点。减肥对降低心脏代谢风险和相关炎症程度至关重要;然而,后者可能在多余体重减轻后持续很长时间,并可能涉及巨噬细胞表型的变化,从而确保新陈代谢的调整。清楚地了解脂肪组织的病理生理过程以及肥胖与慢性炎症之间的相互作用,可以更好地了解合并症的发展,并确保未来治疗肥胖症的目标。
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The Interplay between Obesity and Inflammation
Obesity is an important condition affecting the quality of life of numerous patients and increasing their associated risk for multiple diseases, including tumors and immune-mediated disorders. Inflammation appears to play a major role in the development of obesity and represents a central point for the activity of cellular and humoral components in the adipose tissue. Macrophages play a key role as the main cellular component of the adipose tissue regulating the chronic inflammation and modulating the secretion and differentiation of various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Inflammation also involves a series of signaling pathways that might represent the focus for new therapies and interventions. Weight loss is essential in decreasing cardiometabolic risks and the degree of associated inflammation; however, the latter can persist for long after the excess weight is lost, and can involve changes in macrophage phenotypes that can ensure the metabolic adjustment. A clear understanding of the pathophysiological processes in the adipose tissue and the interplay between obesity and chronic inflammation can lead to a better understanding of the development of comorbidities and may ensure future targets for the treatment of obesity.
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