Impact of the midwife-led care model on mode of birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Increased rates of caesarean sections globally have potential short- and long-term impacts for mothers and babies. Research on models of care and mode of birth has reported varied results. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the midwife-led model of care and mode of birth. This systematic review and meta-analysis searched PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Quantitative full-text open access research articles published between 2010 and 2023 in Indonesian or English were included. Research that assessed the relationship between the model and birth planning were excluded. A total of 16 articles were included. Two were experimental, and the remaining 14 were observational, with a total sample of 125 201 people. The midwife-led model supported spontaneous vaginal birth (odds ratio: 1.64, P=0.01) when compared to other models. Implementing the midwife-led model of care may increase the likelihood of physiological birth and reduce the incidence of caesarean section, especially in low-risk pregnancies.