Association of Childhood IgA Vasculitis With Allergic Rhinitis and Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Introduction

Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) is related to chronic inflammation; however, little is known about the associations between IgAV and allergic rhinitis (AR) or chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). We evaluated the relationships among IgAV, AR, and CRS in children.

Methods

The clinical data of children with IgAV who were hospitalized from January to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Four groups were created, the simple AR, simple CRS, AR + CRS, and non-AR or non-CRS groups, to explore the relationships among IgAV, AR, and CRS.

Results

We included 504 children with IgAV; and 357 (70.8%) were combined with AR or CRS, including 51 with simple AR, 70 with simple CRS, and 236 with AR + CRS. The incidences of renal involvement and recurrent rash were significantly higher in the simple AR group than in the non-AR or non-CRS group (P < 0.001). The incidences of renal involvement and recurrent rash were significantly higher in the AR + CRS group than in the non-AR or non-CRS group (P < 0.001). The incidences of renal involvement between the simple CRS group and non-AR or non-CRS group did not differ significantly, but that of recurrent rash was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.001). Age, abdominal pain, recurrent rash, simple AR, and AR combined with CRS were risk factors for renal involvement (all odds ratio [OR] > 1, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Chronic rhinitis may be related to the pathogenesis of IgAV, and AR or CRS may be the triggering factors of IgAV. AR may be a risk factor for renal involvement and recurrent rash in patients with IgAV.