数字酒精干预的个性化治疗效果及其与参与者特征和参与度的关联。

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q3 SUBSTANCE ABUSE Alcohol and alcoholism Pub Date : 2024-07-21 DOI:10.1093/alcalc/agae049
Joel Crawford, Elizabeth S Collier, Marcus Bendtsen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:干预研究中经常会报告条件平均治疗效果,其中假定异质样本的效果是相似的。然而,遗传、年龄和性别等不同因素会影响干预对结果的影响。本研究旨在估算一种数字酒精干预措施对那些希望通过上网来减少饮酒量的人所产生的个性化影响:我们使用了一项随机对照试验(RCT)的数据,其中包括 2129 名来自瑞典普通人群的成年人。该随机对照试验涉及一项基于短信的酒精干预措施,旨在通过增加关于如何改变的知识和灌输改变行为的信心来促成改变。结果是每周的总酒精消耗量和每月的大量偶发性饮酒。利用基线特征(年龄、性别、饮酒量和心理社会变量)和干预内容的参与度,建立了个性化治疗效果模型:结果:我们发现有证据表明,数字酒精干预的效果与参与者的年龄、基线饮酒量、信心和重要性有关。对于重度偶发性饮酒,有证据表明其效果与年龄、性别和基线酒精消耗量有关。总体而言,就效果大小而言,女性、年长者和酗酒者从干预中获益更多。此外,更多参与目标设定和筛查内容的参与者报告的结果更好:研究结果凸显了不同个体对数字酒精干预的不同反应。这有助于深入了解谁从干预措施中获益最多,谁获益最少,并强调了设计适应不同个体需求的干预措施的潜在优点。
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Individualized treatment effects of a digital alcohol intervention and their associations with participant characteristics and engagement.

Aims: Conditional average treatment effects are often reported in intervention studies, in which assumptions are made regarding how effects are similar across a heterogeneous sample. Nonetheless, differing factors, such as genetics, age, and sex, can impact an intervention's effect on outcomes. The study aimed to estimate the individualized effects of a digital alcohol intervention among individuals looking online to reduce their drinking.

Methods: We used data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT), including 2129 adults from the Swedish general population. The RCT concerned a text message-based alcohol intervention that sought to engender change through increasing knowledge on how to change and instilling confidence in changing behaviour. Outcomes were total weekly alcohol consumption and monthly heavy episodic drinking. Individualized treatment effects were modelled using baseline characteristics (age, gender, alcohol consumption, and psychosocial variables) and engagement with the intervention content.

Results: We found evidence that the effects of the digital alcohol intervention were heterogeneous concerning participants' age, baseline alcohol consumption, confidence, and importance. For heavy episodic drinking, there was evidence that effects were heterogeneous concerning age, sex, and baseline alcohol consumption. Overall, women, older individuals, and heavier drinkers benefitted more from the intervention in terms of effect size. In addition, participants who engaged more with the goal-setting and screening content reported better outcomes.

Conclusions: The results highlight how different individuals respond differently to a digital alcohol intervention. This allows insight into who benefits the most and least from the intervention and highlights the potential merit of designing interventions adapted to different individuals' needs.

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来源期刊
Alcohol and alcoholism
Alcohol and alcoholism 医学-药物滥用
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.60%
发文量
62
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: About the Journal Alcohol and Alcoholism publishes papers on the biomedical, psychological, and sociological aspects of alcoholism and alcohol research, provided that they make a new and significant contribution to knowledge in the field. Papers include new results obtained experimentally, descriptions of new experimental (including clinical) methods of importance to the field of alcohol research and treatment, or new interpretations of existing results. Theoretical contributions are considered equally with papers dealing with experimental work provided that such theoretical contributions are not of a largely speculative or philosophical nature.
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