A miniaturized dual wide-band polarization reconfigurable antenna integrated with artificial magnetic conductor for next-generation wireless applications

In today's intricate wireless communication environment, ensuring system quality demands the use of a reliable and versatile antenna system. This research article introduces a polarization reconfigurable antenna integrated with a 4 × 4 Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) surface. The AMC unit cell exhibits a triple-band reflection phase response at 1.8GHz, 4.5GHz, and 5.5GHz, demonstrating double negative metamaterial behavior. The antenna features two distinct C-shaped metal strips connected to two PIN diodes, enabling dynamic current distribution adjustment. Consequently, the proposed antenna offers three reconfigurable states, facilitating seamless switching between dual circular polarization (left and right-hand circular polarization) and linear polarization. With a frequency coverage ranging from 1.29 to 2.52GHz and 3.59 to 6.15GHz, the antenna boasts a maximum axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 31.96%. Additionally, it achieves a maximum peak gain of 5.5 dB and maintains front-to-back ratio (FBR) values exceeding 25 dB, while recording a minimum specific absorption rate (SAR) value of 0.1059 W/kg. The integration of the AMC surface ensures enhanced performance of the antenna. Experimental results from constructed prototypes closely align with simulation outcomes, validating the effectiveness of the proposed antenna. Consequently, this antenna holds significant promise for next-generation wireless applications.