Provably Faster Gradient Descent via Long Steps

SIAM Journal on Optimization, Volume 34, Issue 3, Page 2588-2608, September 2024.
Abstract. This work establishes new convergence guarantees for gradient descent in smooth convex optimization via a computer-assisted analysis technique. Our theory allows nonconstant stepsize policies with frequent long steps potentially violating descent by analyzing the overall effect of many iterations at once rather than the typical one-iteration inductions used in most first-order method analyses. We show that long steps, which may increase the objective value in the short term, lead to provably faster convergence in the long term. A conjecture towards proving a faster [math] rate for gradient descent is also motivated along with simple numerical validation.