Circular RNAs as potential biomarkers for male severe sepsis

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in many human diseases. However, their role in the development of severe sepsis, a condition that remains one of the main causes of death in intensive care units, has not yet been defined. In this study, we interrogated the molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in severe sepsis. We profiled the expression levels of 5,680 circRNAs in plasma extracted from blood samples of 9 severe sepsis cases or 9 controls (male, age 78 ± 7) using the Human circRNA Array. To enrich protein-coding genes hosting severe sepsis-related circRNAs, we conducted gene ontology and pathways analyses. Out of the identified 760 differentially expressed circRNAs, 404 were upregulated while 356 were downregulated (fold change [FC] ≥2 or ≤−2, and false discovery ratio <0.05). Circ-0008285 (located in exons of CDYL), showed significant upregulation in severe sepsis with an FC of 13.7, and Bonferroni-corrected P < 0.05/5. In silico analysis identified Circ-0008285 interacting microRNAs as well as protein-coding genes. We systematically investigated the differential expression pattern of circRNAs in severe sepsis. The circRNAs we identified might serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis.