宇宙学大角度尺度测量仪(CLASS):90 千兆赫望远镜指向、波束剖面、窗口函数和偏振性能

Rahul Datta, Michael K. Brewer, Jullianna Denes Couto, Joseph Eimer, Yunyang Li, 云炀 李, Zhilei Xu, 智磊 徐, Aamir Ali, John W. Appel, Charles L. Bennett, Ricardo Bustos, David T. Chuss, Joseph Cleary, Sumit Dahal, Francisco Raul Javier Espinoza Inostroza, Thomas Essinger-Hileman, Pedro Fluxá, Kathleen Harrington, Kyle Helson, Jeffrey Iuliano, John Karakla, Tobias A. Marriage, Sasha Novack, Carolina Núñez, Ivan L. Padilla, Lucas Parker, Matthew A. Petroff, Rodrigo Reeves, Karwan Rostem, Rui Shi, 瑞 时, Deniz A. N. Valle, Duncan J. Watts, Janet L. Weiland, Edward J. Wollack and Lingzhen Zeng
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引用次数: 0

摘要

宇宙学大角尺度巡天望远镜(CLASS)是一个望远镜阵列,它从智利阿塔卡马沙漠出发,在以 40、90、150 和 220 千兆赫为中心的频段上对 75% 的天空进行宇宙微波背景(CMB)观测。CLASS 测量大角尺度 CMB 极化,以约束张量与尺度比和最后散射的光学深度。本文介绍了 90 GHz 望远镜的光学特性。对月球的观测确定了指向,而对木星的专门观测则用于光束校准。在头三年的观测中,方位角、仰角和内眦角的指向误差标准偏差分别为 1.′3、2.′1 和 2.′0。这相当于光束半最大全宽(FWHM)的 7% 的指向不确定性。在 90 GHz 下估计的有效方位对称仪器一维波束的全宽为 0.°620 ± 0.°003 ,半径为 4° 的实角为 138.7 ± 0.6(统计)± 1.1(系统)μsr。相应的波束窗口函数分别下降到 ℓ = 30、100、300。利用探测器为中心的月球强度图研究了远侧伏,测得相对于峰值的远侧伏在 10-3 或以下。根据初步勘测图估算的 Tau A 偏振角为赤道坐标 149°.6 ± 0°.2(stats.)。根据每个探测器解调的木星扫描数据推断出的仪器温度-极化(T → P)泄漏分量,其单极分量为 1.7 × 10-3,偶极分量的振幅为 4.3 × 10-3,没有四极泄漏的迹象。
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Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS): 90 GHz Telescope Pointing, Beam Profile, Window Function, and Polarization Performance
The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) is a telescope array that observes the cosmic microwave background (CMB) over ∼75% of the sky from the Atacama Desert, Chile, at frequency bands centered near 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz. CLASS measures the large angular scale CMB polarization to constrain the tensor-to-scalar ratio and the optical depth to last scattering. This paper presents the optical characterization of the 90 GHz telescope. Observations of the Moon establish the pointing while dedicated observations of Jupiter are used for beam calibration. The standard deviations of the pointing error in azimuth, elevation, and boresight angle are 1.′3, 2.′1, and 2.′0, respectively, over the first 3 yr of observations. This corresponds to a pointing uncertainty ∼7% of the beam’s full width at half-maximum (FWHM). The effective azimuthally symmetrized instrument 1D beam estimated at 90 GHz has an FWHM of 0.°620 ± 0.°003 and a solid angle of 138.7 ± 0.6(stats.) ± 1.1(sys.) μsr integrated to a radius of 4°. The corresponding beam window function drops to at ℓ = 30, 100, 300, respectively. Far-sidelobes are studied using detector-centered intensity maps of the Moon and measured to be at a level of 10−3 or below relative to the peak. The polarization angle of Tau A estimated from preliminary survey maps is 149°.6 ± 0°.2(stats.) in equatorial coordinates. The instrumental temperature-to-polarization (T → P) leakage fraction, inferred from per-detector demodulated Jupiter scan data, has a monopole component at the level of 1.7 × 10−3, a dipole component with an amplitude of 4.3 × 10−3, with no evidence of quadrupolar leakage.
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