Bioethanol: A Sustainable Liquid Fuel as Substitute to Gasoline

Abstract: Fossil fuel dependence is a growing concern due to its contribution to greenhouse gas emission, climatic change and environmental pollution. This highlights the urgency for alternative source of energy that is renewable, environmental friendly, stability in price, and attractive for sustainable development. Bioethanol, a biofuel has emerged as the most acceptable liquid fuel and as a promising alternative to gasoline. Bioethanol, derived from sugars and starch, has raised sustainability concern as it can lead to competition for land use and potentially driven-up food prices especially in developing countries. Meanwhile, Lignocellulosic biomass, a non-food resources, abundant in cellulose and hemicellulose, present a more sustainable feedstock for bioethanol production. This approach could offer advantages like affordability, environmental friendliness, reduce reliance on traditional fuels and compensate for fuel scarcity. Furthermore, bioconversion technology of lignocellulosic biomass to bioethanol is required to improve its efficiency and cost effectiveness, making it a highly attractive option for a greener energy in the future.