Effect of TiO₂ Addition on Elastic Moduli, Optical Bandgap, and Electrical Conductivity of xTiO₂-(0.30-x)Bi₂O₃-0.10ZnO-0.60TeO₂ Glassy Systems with Improved Thermal Stability

Glassy systems with the chemical composition xTiO2-(0.30-x)Bi2O3-0.10ZnO-0.60TeO2 (x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20) have been synthesized using the melt quench approach. Numerous physical, electrical, optical, and other features of elastic moduli have been evaluated as titanium oxide concentration rises. The amorphous properties of the materials under inspection are displayed in the XRD pattern. As the concentration of arsenic rises, the glasses' density falls from 4.18 to 3.96 g/cm3, while their molar volume rises from 48.21 to 53.06 cm3mol-1. The elastic properties of the synthesized glasses, such as the shear (S) and longitudinal (L) stresses, bulk modulus (K), Young's modulus (Y), and Poisson's ratio (Pr), have all been measured using the measured values of the ultrasonic velocities. The increase in elastic moduli values showed that the materials' elastic qualities have been improved. The results are explained in terms of a significant structural alteration caused by molecular rearrangement, which controls the physical properties of the glass. The addition of titanium oxide is shown to cause a decrease in Urbach energies from 0.96 to 0.67 eV, which results in an increase in the optical band gap energies from 2.96 to 3.33 eV. DSC thermogram measurements reveal mechanically enhanced and thermally stable materials with potential for use in semiconducting devices.