单纯疱疹病毒 1 和 2 引发的嗜血细胞淋巴组织细胞增多症:叙述性综述

IF 1.1 Q4 HEMATOLOGY Hematology Reports Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.3390/hematolrep16030047
Andria Papazachariou, P. Ioannou
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引用次数: 0

摘要

简介嗜血细胞淋巴组织细胞增多症(HLH)是一种罕见的危及生命的综合征,其特征是不受控制的高炎症反应。HLH 可分为原发性(家族性)和继发性(获得性)。继发性 HLH 通常由感染引发,其中病毒感染是主要病因。与单纯疱疹病毒 1 和 2 相关病例的流行病学和临床特征仍未得到充分研究。本研究旨在回顾所有之前描述过的由 HSV-1 或 -2 引发的 HLH 病例,并提供有关该综合征的流行病学、微生物学、临床特征、治疗和预后的信息。研究方法根据在 PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆和 Scopus 中的检索结果进行了叙述性综述。纳入了截至 2024 年 4 月 27 日发表的、提供人类 HSV 1 和 2 引起的 HLH 相关数据的研究。结果:我们确定了 29 项符合条件的研究,报告了 HSV 1 和 2 导致的 HLH,涉及 34 名患者。其中一半为成人,一半为新生儿。发热和脾肿大是最常见的临床表现。大多数患者被诊断为HSV-1(64.7%),PCR是主要的诊断方法。住院治疗的中位时间为21天,阿昔洛韦和类固醇是主要治疗手段。总死亡率为 41.2%,AST 水平是预测死亡率的一个独立因素。结论:我们的研究结果表明,有必要提高对HSV 1和2引发的HLH的认识,并强调及时诊断和针对性治疗的重要性。
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Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Triggered by Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2: A Narrative Review
Introduction: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, life-threatening syndrome characterized by an uncontrolled hyperinflammatory reaction. HLH is classified into primary (familial) and secondary (acquired). Secondary HLH is commonly triggered by infections, with viral infections being a leading cause. Its epidemiology and clinical features in cases associated with herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 remain underexplored. This study aimed to review all previously described cases of HSV-1 or -2-triggered HLH and provide information about this syndrome’s epidemiology, microbiology, clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes. Methods: A narrative review was performed based on a search in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus. Studies published until 27 April 2024 providing relevant data for HLH due to HSV 1 and 2 in humans were included. Results: We identified 29 eligible studies reporting HLH due to HSV 1 and 2, involving 34 patients. Half of them were adults, and half were neonates. Fever and splenomegaly were the most common clinical findings. Most patients were diagnosed with HSV-1 (64.7%), with PCR being the primary diagnostic method. The median duration of in-hospital treatment was 21 days, with acyclovir and steroids being the mainstays of therapy. The overall mortality rate was 41.2%, and AST levels emerged as an independent predictor of mortality. Conclusions: Our findings underscore the need for heightened awareness surrounding HLH triggered by HSV 1 and 2 and the importance of prompt diagnosis and tailored treatment approaches.
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来源期刊
Hematology Reports
Hematology Reports HEMATOLOGY-
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
47
审稿时长
10 weeks
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