Parametric Study of Structural Seismic Response: Correlation Between Lateral Load, Displacement, and Stiffness

Indonesia, located near the convergence of major tectonic plates, often experiences significant earthquakes that impact buildings. Many houses damaged by earthquakes are simple structures with red brick masonry. This study analyzes the seismic performance of masonry houses using ETABS software, assuming the houses are in seismic zone 4 and built on soft soil. The analysis focuses on the correlation between lateral loads, displacement, and structural stiffness. The results indicate that the maximum lateral load occurs in the X direction, while the maximum displacement occurs in the Y direction, indicating higher flexibility in the Y direction. Higher structural stiffness reduces displacement but also increases inertia forces. The nonlinear correlation between lateral loads and displacement, as well as the decrease in effective structural stiffness with increasing lateral loads, underscores the importance of balancing stiffness and flexibility in structural design. This study provides valuable insights for earthquake-resistant building design, particularly for masonry houses in earthquake-prone areas of Indonesia. The analysis emphasizes the importance of reinforcing critical areas and ensuring a more uniform distribution of lateral loads to enhance structural resilience to earthquakes. Keywords: ETABS, House, Life Safety, Performance, Seismic