鸟翼飞行器的耦合机翼变形可改善姿态控制和敏捷飞行

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS ACS Applied Bio Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI:10.3390/machines12070486
Yu Cai, Guangfa Su, Jiannan Zhao, Shuang Feng
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引用次数: 0

摘要

鸟类的翅膀是集成了多个形态变形关节的精巧装置。大型鸟类尤其善于利用翅膀的拍打、折叠和扭曲运动来控制翅膀的角度和面积。这些运动主要涉及不同类型的展翅折叠和弦向扭转。人们不禁要问,鸟类敏捷的机动性是否基于这些翅膀变形变化的复杂耦合。为了研究这个问题,我们设计了一种能够同时控制翼展折叠和弦向扭转的双节翼结构鸟翼飞行器,并将其应用于航向控制研究。室外飞行收集的实验数据描述了传统机翼和两节主动扭转机翼状态下的不同飞行能力,表明采用主动扭转结构可增强这种新型拍翼飞行器的灵活性和机动性。在偏航控制实验中,我们观察到了一些奇特的现象:虽然主动扭转折翼机机翼的扭转运动与固定翼副翼控制类似,但由于机翼拍打和折叠的耦合关系错综复杂,折翼机在主动扭转结构的控制下表现出与预期方向相反的偏航方向(直接应用固定翼副翼控制假设的逻辑)。针对这一特定现象,我们提供了一个合理的模型解释。总之,我们对鸟翼飞行器主动扭转机制的研究证实了主动变形对其姿态灵活性的积极影响,这有利于未来类似生物启发飞机的设计。
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The Coupled Wing Morphing of Ornithopters Improves Attitude Control and Agile Flight
Bird wings are exquisite mechanisms integrated with multiple morphological deformation joints. The larger avian species are particularly adept at utilizing their wings’ flapping, folding, and twisting motions to control the wing angle and area. These motions mainly involve different types of spanwise folding and chordwise twisting. It is wondered whether the agile maneuverability of birds is based on the complex coupling of these wing morphing changes. To investigate this issue, we designed a two-section wing structure ornithopter capable of simultaneously controlling both spanwise folding and chordwise twisting and applied it to research on heading control. The experimental data collected from outdoor flights describe the differing flight capabilities between the conventional and two-section active twist wing states, indicating that incorporating an active twist structure enhances the agility and maneuverability of this novel flapping aircraft. In the experiments on yaw control, we observed some peculiar phenomena: although the twisting motion of the active twist ornithopter wings resembles that of a fixed-wing aileron control, due to the intricate coupling of the wing flapping and folding, the ornithopter, under the control of active twist structures, exhibited a yaw direction opposite to the expected direction (directly applying the logic assumed by the fixed-wing aileron control). Addressing this specific phenomenon, we provide a plausible model explanation. In summary, our study with active twist mechanisms on ornithopters corroborates the positive impact of active deformation on their attitude agility, which is beneficial for the design of similar bio-inspired aircraft in the future.
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
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