细胞死亡诱导 DNA 断裂因子 45 样效应蛋白家族与血脂异常风险之间的关系

Jingjin Song, Huiyuan Kang, Ye Cheng
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摘要

研究表明,肥胖与高脂血症、高血压和 2 型糖尿病相关,被归为代谢综合征。值得注意的是,在肥胖状态下,脂肪细胞会积聚过多的脂质,形成脂滴(LDs),导致脂肪团功能失调。最近,新的证据表明,细胞死亡诱导 DNA 断裂因子 45 样效应蛋白(CIDE)家族在调节脂质代谢中发挥着重要作用。此外,多种 CIDE 蛋白也被证实可影响细胞内脂质代谢,如脂肪细胞、肝细胞和巨噬细胞内的脂质代谢。然而,体外实验和体内临床研究显示 CIDE 蛋白具有调控作用的结果却存在明显矛盾。同样,最近的研究改变了人们对这些蛋白质的看法,将它们重新定义为脂滴动力学和脂肪代谢的调节因子,有助于人类健康的代谢表型。然而,各种 CIDE 蛋白改变脂质代谢的内在机制尚未阐明。在本综述中,对 CIDE 蛋白在脂质分解代谢中的作用进行了很好的总结。另一方面,还提出了进一步了解 CIDE 蛋白家族的相对机制。
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Relationship between the Cell Death-Inducing DNA Fragmentation Factor 45-Like Effector Protein Family and the Risk of Dyslipidemia
According to the research, obesity is associated with hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which are grouped as metabolic syndrome. Notably, under the obese status, the adipocyte could accumulate excessive lipid as lipid droplets (LDs), leading the dysfunctional fat mass. Recently, emerging evidence has shown that the cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor 45-like effector protein (CIDE) family played an important role in regulating lipid metabolism. In addition, diverse CIDE proteins were also confirmed to influence the intracellular lipid metabolism, such as within adipocyte, hepatocyte, and macrophage. Nevertheless, the results which showed the regulatory influence of CIDE proteins are significantly contradictory from in vitro experiments and in vivo clinical studies. Similarly, recent studies have changed the perception of these proteins, redefining them as regulators of lipid droplet dynamics and fat metabolism, which contribute to a healthy metabolic phenotype in humans. However, the underlying mechanisms by which the diverse CIDE proteins alter lipid metabolism are not elucidated. In the current review, the understandings of CIDE proteins in lipid catabolism were well-summarized. On the other hand, the relatively mechanisms were also proposed for the further understandings of the CIDE protein family.
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