为地下建筑应用开发新型土壤-结构接触应力传感器

Jack Templeman, Brian Sheil
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摘要

本文介绍了新型土壤-结构接触应力传感器的设计、开发、校准和验证。新的传感器设计结合了新颖的工作原理、光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)应变传感和数据驱动绘图技术,创造出一种既经济又坚固耐用的多轴接触应力传感器,可用于地下建筑应用。该仪器使用传感器的 "虚拟孪生 "技术,通过提取和插值大量三维有限元计算获得的虚拟 FBG 应变,生成合成数据。随后开发了一个物理原型来证明概念。实验室验证测试结果表明,该传感器能够在典型的土壤-结构界面剪切应用中提供精确的接触应力测量。特别是,新型传感器的结构和工作原理被证明能够出色地测量有效法向应力。新的传感器设计利用了 FBG 的许多固有优势,包括抗电磁干扰和防水,以及使用单根轻质电缆和连接器,与电气多轴传感器相比,大大简化了现场安装。
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Development of a new soil-structure contact stress sensor for underground construction applications
This paper describes the design, development, calibration and validation of a novel soil-structure contact stress sensor. The new sensor design combines a novel operating principle, fibre Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensing and data-driven mapping techniques to create a multi-axis contact stress sensor that is both economical and suitably robust for deployment in underground construction applications. The instrumentation process is informed using a ‘virtual twin’ of the sensor in which synthetic data is generated by extracting and interpolating virtual FBG strains obtained from a large number of 3D finite element calculations. A physical prototype is subsequently developed to demonstrate proof of concept. Results from laboratory validation tests give confidence in the sensor's ability to provide accurate contact stress measurements in typical soil-structure interface shear applications. In particular, the novel sensor structure and operating principle was shown to achieve excellent measurement of effective normal stress. The new sensor design harnesses many of the inherent benefits of FBGs including immunity to electromagnetic noise and water ingress, and the use a single lightweight cable and connector, which significantly simplifies installation on site compared to electrical multi-axis sensors.
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