山药病毒在白山药不同部位的积累和山药种子生产中的正选择技术实践

IF 4.8 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of Agriculture and Food Research Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI:10.1016/j.jafr.2024.101320
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摘要

正向选择技术(PST)的成功取决于目测选择无病毒植株,但由于病毒在叶片以外的植株部位积累,这一点可能并不总是可行。本研究确定了在实施 PST 时白山药不同植株部位的病毒积累情况。在 Ejura 和 Fumesua 开辟了实验田,种植了三种白山药品种(Kpamyo、Dente 和 Pona)的种植材料(来自实施 PST 的农民)。从这些田地中挑选出有症状和无症状的植株,使用DAS-ELISA从其叶片、藤蔓和块茎中检测山药花叶病毒(YMV)、黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)和山药轻度花叶病毒(YMMV)。利用 BIO-RAD 微孔板阅读器从吸光度值中得出植物各器官中的病毒浓度。病害发生率和严重程度在种植三个月后进行评估。使用 R 软件对数据进行方差分析,并用 LSD 区分均值。在随后的一季中,从有症状和无症状植株上收获的山药种子在筛选室中进行研究,并使用 RT-PCR 在叶片和藤蔓中检测病毒。在三个白山药品种的所有植株部位都发现了植物病毒。有症状植株的叶片、藤蔓和块茎中所有病毒的浓度都明显高于无症状植株(p < 0.05)。一些被选为表面上 "干净 "的种植材料的山药种子可能在植物的其他部分携带山药病毒,而叶片通常是 PST 的目标。
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Accumulation of yam viruses in different parts of white yam and the practice of positive selection technique in seed yam production

The success of Positive Selection Technique (PST) depends on the visual selection of virus-free plants, which may not always be possible due to virus accumulation in plant parts apart from the leaves. This study determined virus accumulations in different plant parts of white yam when practicing PST. Experimental plots were established at Ejura and Fumesua, and planted with planting materials (sourced from PST-practicing farmers) of three white yam varieties viz. Kpamyo, Dente and Pona. Symptomatic and asymptomatic plants from these fields were selected and yam mosaic virus (YMV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and yam mild mosaic virus (YMMV) detected from their leaves, vines and tubers using DAS-ELISA. Virus concentration in the various plant organs were obtained from the absorbance values using BIO-RAD microplate reader. Disease incidence and severity were assessed at three months after planting. Data were subjected to ANOVA and means separated with LSD using the R software. In the subsequent season, harvested seed yams from symptomatic and asymptomatic plants were studied in the screenhouse and viruses detected in leaves and vines using RT-PCR. Plant viruses were found in all plant parts of the three white yam varieties. Concentration of all viruses in leaves, vines and tubers were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in symptomatic plants than in asymptomatic plants. Some seed yams which were selected as apparently “clean” planting materials could harbour yam viruses in plant parts, other than the leaf which is often targeted by PST.

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CiteScore
5.40
自引率
2.60%
发文量
193
审稿时长
69 days
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