微卫星稳定转移性结直肠癌的免疫疗法:我们能否缩小潜力与实践之间的差距?

IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Current Oncology Reports Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-30 DOI:10.1007/s11912-024-01583-w
Marwa Abdel Hamid, Lorenz M Pammer, Theresa K Lentner, Bernhard Doleschal, Rebecca Gruber, Florian Kocher, Elisabeth Gasser, Anna Jöbstl, Andreas Seeber, Arno Amann
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引用次数: 0

摘要

综述的目的:本综述将探讨使 MSS mCRC 易受 ICI 影响的各种策略。此外,我们还将概述有助于更好地选择患者的潜在生物标志物,并讨论这一研究领域正在进行的工作:结直肠癌(CRC)是全球三大常见癌症之一。虽然治疗策略的重大进展改善了疾病早期患者的预后,但转移性结直肠癌(mCRC)的治疗方案仍然有限。尽管免疫检查点抑制剂(ICI)已经彻底改变了多种恶性肿瘤的治疗方法,但其对 mCRC 的疗效主要局限于微卫星不稳定性较高(MSI-H)的患者。然而,绝大多数 mCRC 患者并不表现出 MSI-H,而是微卫星稳定(MSS)。对这些患者来说,ICIs 基本上是无效的。迄今为止,尽管在其他肿瘤实体中诱导长期缓解的数据很有希望,但 ICIs 在 MSS mCRC 患者中并没有发挥关键作用。因此,需要新的治疗策略来克服 MSS 患者对 ICI 的原发性耐药性。
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Immunotherapy for Microsatellite-Stable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Can we close the Gap between Potential and Practice?

Purpose of review: This review will explore various strategies to rendering MSS mCRCs susceptible to ICI. Moreover, we will provide an overview of potential biomarkers that may aid to better patient selection, and discuss ongoing efforts in this area of research.

Recent findings: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the top three most common cancers worldwide. While significant advances in treatment strategies have improved the prognosis for patients in the early stages of the disease, treatment options for metastatic CRC (mCRC) remain limited. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the treatment of several malignancies, its efficacy in mCRC is largely confined to patients exhibiting a high microsatellite instability status (MSI-H). However, the vast majority of mCRC patients do not exhibit a MSI-H, but are microsatellite stable (MSS). In these patients ICIs are largely ineffective. So far, ICIs do not play a crucial role in patients with MSS mCRC, despite the promising data for inducing long-term remissions in other tumour entities. For this reason, novel treatment strategies are needed to overcome the primary resistance upon ICI in patients with MSS.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
187
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: This journal aims to review the most important, recently published clinical findings in the field of oncology. By providing clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to serve all those involved in the care of those affected by cancer. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as cancer prevention, leukemia, melanoma, neuro-oncology, and palliative medicine. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.
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