{"title":"日本猕猴中高度同源的 1 型猿 T 细胞白血病病毒基因组:一项大型队列研究。","authors":"Kou Hiraga, Tomoya Kitamura, Madoka Kuramitsu, Megumi Murata, Kenta Tezuka, Kazu Okuma, Isao Hamaguchi, Hirofumi Akari, Takuo Mizukami","doi":"10.1186/s12985-024-02434-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (STLV-1) is a retrovirus closely related to human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). It has been shown that Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata, JMs) are one of the main hosts of STLV-1 and that a high percentage of JMs (up to 60%) are infected with STLV-1; however, the molecular epidemiology of STLV-1 in JMs has not been examined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we analyzed full-length STLV-1 genome sequences obtained from 5 independent troops including a total of 68 JMs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall nucleotide heterogeneity was 4.7%, and the heterogeneity among the troops was 2.1%, irrespective of the formation of distinct subclusters in each troop. Moreover, the heterogeneity within each troop was extremely low (>99% genome homology) compared with cases of STLV-1 in African non-human primates as well as humans. It was previously reported that frequent G-to-A single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) occur in HTLV-1 proviral genomes in both ATL patients and HTLV-1 carriers, and that a G-to-A hypermutation is associated with the cellular antiviral restriction factor, Apobec3G. Surprisingly, these SNVs were scarcely observed in the STLV-1 genomes in JMs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, these results indicate that STLV-1 genomes in JMs are highly homologous, at least in part due to the lack of Apobec3G-dependent G-to-A hypermutation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23616,"journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11290215/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Highly homologous simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 genome in Japanese macaques: a large cohort study.\",\"authors\":\"Kou Hiraga, Tomoya Kitamura, Madoka Kuramitsu, Megumi Murata, Kenta Tezuka, Kazu Okuma, Isao Hamaguchi, Hirofumi Akari, Takuo Mizukami\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s12985-024-02434-7\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (STLV-1) is a retrovirus closely related to human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). It has been shown that Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata, JMs) are one of the main hosts of STLV-1 and that a high percentage of JMs (up to 60%) are infected with STLV-1; however, the molecular epidemiology of STLV-1 in JMs has not been examined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we analyzed full-length STLV-1 genome sequences obtained from 5 independent troops including a total of 68 JMs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall nucleotide heterogeneity was 4.7%, and the heterogeneity among the troops was 2.1%, irrespective of the formation of distinct subclusters in each troop. Moreover, the heterogeneity within each troop was extremely low (>99% genome homology) compared with cases of STLV-1 in African non-human primates as well as humans. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:猿T细胞白血病病毒1型(STLV-1)是一种与人类T细胞白血病病毒1型(HTLV-1)密切相关的逆转录病毒,后者是成人T细胞白血病(ATL)的病原体。有研究表明,日本猕猴(Macaca fuscata,JMs)是 STLV-1 的主要宿主之一,而且有很高比例的 JMs(高达 60%)感染了 STLV-1;但是,尚未研究 STLV-1 在 JMs 中的分子流行病学:在这项研究中,我们分析了从 5 个独立部队获得的全长 STLV-1 基因组序列,其中包括 68 例 JMs:结果:总体核苷酸异质性为 4.7%,各部队之间的异质性为 2.1%,与各部队中不同亚群的形成无关。此外,与非洲非人灵长类和人类的 STLV-1 病例相比,每个部队内部的异质性极低(基因组同源性>99%)。此前有报道称,在 ATL 患者和 HTLV-1 携带者的 HTLV-1 前病毒基因组中经常出现 G 到 A 的单核苷酸变异(SNV),而且 G 到 A 的高突变与细胞抗病毒限制因子 Apobec3G 有关。令人惊讶的是,在JMs的STLV-1基因组中几乎没有观察到这些SNV:综上所述,这些结果表明JMs中的STLV-1基因组具有高度同源性,至少部分原因是缺乏依赖于Apobec3G的G-to-A超突变。
Highly homologous simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 genome in Japanese macaques: a large cohort study.
Background: Simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (STLV-1) is a retrovirus closely related to human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). It has been shown that Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata, JMs) are one of the main hosts of STLV-1 and that a high percentage of JMs (up to 60%) are infected with STLV-1; however, the molecular epidemiology of STLV-1 in JMs has not been examined.
Methods: In this study, we analyzed full-length STLV-1 genome sequences obtained from 5 independent troops including a total of 68 JMs.
Results: The overall nucleotide heterogeneity was 4.7%, and the heterogeneity among the troops was 2.1%, irrespective of the formation of distinct subclusters in each troop. Moreover, the heterogeneity within each troop was extremely low (>99% genome homology) compared with cases of STLV-1 in African non-human primates as well as humans. It was previously reported that frequent G-to-A single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) occur in HTLV-1 proviral genomes in both ATL patients and HTLV-1 carriers, and that a G-to-A hypermutation is associated with the cellular antiviral restriction factor, Apobec3G. Surprisingly, these SNVs were scarcely observed in the STLV-1 genomes in JMs.
Conclusions: Taken together, these results indicate that STLV-1 genomes in JMs are highly homologous, at least in part due to the lack of Apobec3G-dependent G-to-A hypermutation.
期刊介绍:
Virology Journal is an open access, peer reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of virology, including research on the viruses of animals, plants and microbes. The journal welcomes basic research as well as pre-clinical and clinical studies of novel diagnostic tools, vaccines and anti-viral therapies.
The Editorial policy of Virology Journal is to publish all research which is assessed by peer reviewers to be a coherent and sound addition to the scientific literature, and puts less emphasis on interest levels or perceived impact.