Optimal design of confocal plane equal intensity optical elements based on a genetic algorithm

In this paper, we combined spiral zone plates and gratings using a logical XOR operation, designing a new optical element called the composited modified spiral zone plate grating (CMSZPG), which can generate multiple focused vortices on the same focal plane. The parameters of the CMSZPG are optimized using a genetic algorithm, which enables the generation of equal intensity vortex beams without the complexity of manual adjustments, thereby reducing workload. The theoretical feasibility of this component has been validated through simulations and experiments. The CMSZPG can generate multiple equal intensity vortex beams, which have potential applications in light trapping and optical imaging fields.