自闭症患者恐惧面孔检测的空间频率分化和性别特异性降低:脑电图和大脑预测模型的启示。

IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI:10.1002/aur.3209
Adeline Lacroix, Sylvain Harquel, Leonardo S. Barbosa, Klara Kovarski, Marta I. Garrido, Laurent Vercueil, Louise Kauffmann, Frédéric Dutheil, Marie Gomot, Martial Mermillod
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摘要

面部处理依赖于由低空间频率(LSF)驱动的预测过程,低空间频率先于高空间频率传递的精细信息传递粗信息。然而,自闭症患者可能有非典型的预测过程,从而导致面部处理困难。这种情况在女性自闭症患者中可能更加正常,因为她们通常比男性自闭症患者表现出更好的社会沟通能力。我们假设,与男性自闭症患者相比,女性自闭症患者在处理社会情感刺激时会表现出更典型的从粗到细的过程。为了验证这一假设,我们要求成年参与者(44 名自闭症患者,51 名非自闭症患者)在中性面孔中检测出恐惧面孔,并按照两种顺序进行过滤:从粗到细(CtF)和从细到粗(FtC)。结果显示,与非自闭症(NA)患者相比,无论采用哪种过滤顺序,自闭症患者检测恐惧面孔的 d'值都更低,反应时间更长。与 FtC 相比,自闭症患者在 CtF 之后的 P100 潜伏期更短,而与 CtF 相比,自闭症患者在 FtC 之后的 N170 振幅更大。然而,自闭症患者在纺锤形区域的 CtF 和 FtC 信号源活动差异较小。与非自闭症女性相比,自闭症女性的激活模式在空间上更为分散。最后,与男性相比,女性的 P100 和 N170 潜伏期更快,枕叶对 FtC 序列的激活也更大,与组别无关。总体而言,尽管自闭症患者在恐惧检测方面存在行为差异,但这些结果并不表明自闭症患者的 LSF 预测过程受损。然而,这些结果确实表明自闭症患者大脑对空间频率的调节能力下降。此外,研究结果还强调了在理解自闭症女性时需要考虑的性别差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Reduced spatial frequency differentiation and sex-related specificities in fearful face detection in autism: Insights from EEG and the predictive brain model

Face processing relies on predictive processes driven by low spatial frequencies (LSF) that convey coarse information prior to fine information conveyed by high spatial frequencies. However, autistic individuals might have atypical predictive processes, contributing to facial processing difficulties. This may be more normalized in autistic females, who often exhibit better socio-communicational abilities than males. We hypothesized that autistic females would display a more typical coarse-to-fine processing for socio-emotional stimuli compared to autistic males. To test this hypothesis, we asked adult participants (44 autistic, 51 non-autistic) to detect fearful faces among neutral faces, filtered in two orders: from coarse-to-fine (CtF) and from fine-to-coarse (FtC). Results show lower d’ values and longer reaction times for fearful detection in autism compared to non-autistic (NA) individuals, regardless of the filtering order. Both groups presented shorter P100 latency after CtF compared to FtC, and larger amplitude for N170 after FtC compared to CtF. However, autistic participants presented a reduced difference in source activity between CtF and FtC in the fusiform. There was also a more spatially spread activation pattern in autistic females compared to NA females. Finally, females had faster P100 and N170 latencies, as well as larger occipital activation for FtC sequences than males, irrespective of the group. Overall, the results do not suggest impaired predictive processes from LSF in autism despite behavioral differences in fear detection. However, they do indicate reduced brain modulation by spatial frequency in autism. In addition, the findings highlight sex differences that warrant consideration in understanding autistic females.

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来源期刊
Autism Research
Autism Research 医学-行为科学
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
8.50%
发文量
187
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: AUTISM RESEARCH will cover the developmental disorders known as Pervasive Developmental Disorders (or autism spectrum disorders – ASDs). The Journal focuses on basic genetic, neurobiological and psychological mechanisms and how these influence developmental processes in ASDs.
期刊最新文献
Issue Information Parental age at birth, telomere length, and autism spectrum disorders in the UK Biobank cohort Regional differences in autism and intellectual disability risk associated with cesarean section delivery Issue Information Expanding perspectives on figurative language processing in autism spectrum disorder: A commentary on Lampri et al.'s review
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