M. L. Litvak, I. G. Mitrofanov, A. B. Sanin, M. V. Dyachkova
{"title":"根据美国国家航空航天局 LRO 轨道飞行任务所搭载的 LEND 仪器测量的卡贝乌斯环形山地表下水冰含量","authors":"M. L. Litvak, I. G. Mitrofanov, A. B. Sanin, M. V. Dyachkova","doi":"10.1134/S003809462470045X","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article presents the results of the analysis of data from the Russian neutron spectrometer LEND (Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector), installed aboard NASA’s lunar orbiter LRO (<i>Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter</i>). An estimate of the content of subsurface water ice in the permanently shadowed region Cabeus-1, located inside the large Cabeus crater in the vicinity of the lunar south pole, has been obtained. The analysis used observations made with the LEND instrument from 2009 to 2023. It is shown that the surface neutron albedo in the vicinity and inside of Cabeus-1 correlates with the relief height and the distribution of average annual temperatures. The average subsurface water ice content over the entire Cabeus-1 region was estimated to be 0.49 ± 0.05% by mass fraction. The maximum value of about 0.7% is observed at the very bottom of the crater on the surface area where the minimum average annual temperature was recorded. This site coincides with the site of the LCROSS (<i>Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite</i>) impact experiment, which confirmed a significant amount of water ice in the near-surface material of the Moon.</p>","PeriodicalId":778,"journal":{"name":"Solar System Research","volume":"58 6","pages":"629 - 639"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Subsurface Water Ice Content in the Cabeus Crater According to Measurements by the LEND Instrument onboard the NASA LRO Orbital Mission\",\"authors\":\"M. L. Litvak, I. G. Mitrofanov, A. B. Sanin, M. V. Dyachkova\",\"doi\":\"10.1134/S003809462470045X\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>The article presents the results of the analysis of data from the Russian neutron spectrometer LEND (Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector), installed aboard NASA’s lunar orbiter LRO (<i>Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter</i>). An estimate of the content of subsurface water ice in the permanently shadowed region Cabeus-1, located inside the large Cabeus crater in the vicinity of the lunar south pole, has been obtained. The analysis used observations made with the LEND instrument from 2009 to 2023. It is shown that the surface neutron albedo in the vicinity and inside of Cabeus-1 correlates with the relief height and the distribution of average annual temperatures. The average subsurface water ice content over the entire Cabeus-1 region was estimated to be 0.49 ± 0.05% by mass fraction. The maximum value of about 0.7% is observed at the very bottom of the crater on the surface area where the minimum average annual temperature was recorded. This site coincides with the site of the LCROSS (<i>Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite</i>) impact experiment, which confirmed a significant amount of water ice in the near-surface material of the Moon.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":778,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Solar System Research\",\"volume\":\"58 6\",\"pages\":\"629 - 639\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Solar System Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"101\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S003809462470045X\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"物理与天体物理\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Solar System Research","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S003809462470045X","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Subsurface Water Ice Content in the Cabeus Crater According to Measurements by the LEND Instrument onboard the NASA LRO Orbital Mission
The article presents the results of the analysis of data from the Russian neutron spectrometer LEND (Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector), installed aboard NASA’s lunar orbiter LRO (Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter). An estimate of the content of subsurface water ice in the permanently shadowed region Cabeus-1, located inside the large Cabeus crater in the vicinity of the lunar south pole, has been obtained. The analysis used observations made with the LEND instrument from 2009 to 2023. It is shown that the surface neutron albedo in the vicinity and inside of Cabeus-1 correlates with the relief height and the distribution of average annual temperatures. The average subsurface water ice content over the entire Cabeus-1 region was estimated to be 0.49 ± 0.05% by mass fraction. The maximum value of about 0.7% is observed at the very bottom of the crater on the surface area where the minimum average annual temperature was recorded. This site coincides with the site of the LCROSS (Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite) impact experiment, which confirmed a significant amount of water ice in the near-surface material of the Moon.
期刊介绍：
Solar System Research publishes articles concerning the bodies of the Solar System, i.e., planets and their satellites, asteroids, comets, meteoric substances, and cosmic dust. The articles consider physics, dynamics and composition of these bodies, and techniques of their exploration. The journal addresses the problems of comparative planetology, physics of the planetary atmospheres and interiors, cosmochemistry, as well as planetary plasma environment and heliosphere, specifically those related to solar-planetary interactions. Attention is paid to studies of exoplanets and complex problems of the origin and evolution of planetary systems including the solar system, based on the results of astronomical observations, laboratory studies of meteorites, relevant theoretical approaches and mathematical modeling. Alongside with the original results of experimental and theoretical studies, the journal publishes scientific reviews in the field of planetary exploration, and notes on observational results.
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