天才青少年柔道运动员的多维表现特征:动态平衡和应对技能与国际比赛成绩的关系

IF 1.5 4区 教育学 Q3 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI:10.1177/17479541241268497
Suzan Schoof, Kai Krabben, Maria B. Lojanica, Johan Pion, Marije T. Elferink-Gemser
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引用次数: 0

摘要

多维成绩特征(MPCs)是成绩的基础,也是区分不同成绩水平运动员的关键。然而,在柔道这项奥林匹克格斗运动中,将多维表现特征纳入人才培养研究仍是一种新方法。因此,人们对有天赋的青少年柔道运动员的 MPCs 知之甚少。因此,本研究旨在确定在国际比赛中取得不同成绩的天才青少年(U18)柔道运动员的MPCs差异,并根据性别和体重进行校正。52 名国际级柔道运动员(男性:n = 28,年龄:16.7 ± 0.9;女性:n = 24,年龄:16.3 ± 0.9)参加了此次研究。以成绩水平为因变量进行多元线性回归。成绩水平的定义是在一个赛季的国际比赛中的胜率。人体测量(如身高)、生理(如动态平衡)和心理(如应对技能)特征被用作自变量。结果表明,女性的胜率与动态平衡和应对逆境能力呈正相关,而与目标设定和心理准备呈负相关 ( R2 = .611, p < .001)。压力下的巅峰状态与男性的胜率呈正相关 ( R2 = .152, p <.05)。MPCs对比赛成绩的解释程度因性别而异。不过,对于男女生来说,应对技能似乎都很重要。因此,建议在青少年柔道运动员的人才培养计划中,除了柔道专项训练、生理训练和/或技术战术训练外,还应考虑到个体差异,将心理特征纳入其中。
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Multidimensional performance characteristics of talented youth judoka: Dynamic balance and coping skills relate to international competitive performance
Understanding of the multidimensional performance characteristics (MPCs) that underlie performance and distinguish athletes of varying performance levels are key for talent development programs. However, in the Olympic combat sport of judo, including MPCs in talent development research is still a recent approach. Hence, little is known about the MPCs of talented youth judoka. Therefore, this study aimed to determine differences in MPCs of talented youth (U18) judoka with varying levels of success in international competition, specified by sex and corrected for body weight. Fifty-two international level judoka (males: n = 28, age: 16.7 ± 0.9 and females: n = 24, age: 16.3 ± 0.9) participated. Multiple linear regressions were performed with performance level as the dependent variable. Performance level was defined as the win rate at international competitions in one competitive season. Anthropometrical (e.g., body height), physiological (e.g., dynamic balance), and psychological (e.g., coping skills) characteristics were used as independent variables. Results showed that win rate of females positively relates to dynamic balance and coping with adversity, and negatively relates to goal setting and mental preparation ( R2 = .611, p < .001). Peaking under pressure positively relates to the win rate of males ( R2 = .152, p < .05). The extent to which MPCs explain competition performance differs between sexes. However, for both sexes, coping skills seem to be important. Therefore, it is recommended that psychological characteristics are integrated in talent programs of youth judoka next to the judo-specific, physiological and/or technical-tactical trainings whilst taking in consideration the individual differences.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
15.80%
发文量
208
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching is a peer-reviewed, international, academic/professional journal, which aims to bridge the gap between coaching and sports science. The journal will integrate theory and practice in sports science, promote critical reflection of coaching practice, and evaluate commonly accepted beliefs about coaching effectiveness and performance enhancement. Open learning systems will be promoted in which: (a) sports science is made accessible to coaches, translating knowledge into working practice; and (b) the challenges faced by coaches are communicated to sports scientists. The vision of the journal is to support the development of a community in which: (i) sports scientists and coaches respect and learn from each other as they assist athletes to acquire skills by training safely and effectively, thereby enhancing their performance, maximizing their enjoyment of the sporting experience and facilitating character development; and (ii) scientific research is embraced in the quest to uncover, understand and develop the processes involved in sports coaching and elite performance.
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