María Guadalupe Mora Álvarez, Ananth J Madhuranthakam, Durga Udayakumar
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引用次数: 0
摘要
动脉自旋标记(ASL)是一种无创磁共振成像(MRI)方法,无需外源性造影剂即可对灌注进行评估和量化。ASL 最初开发于 20 世纪 90 年代初,用于测量脑血流。从那时起,ASL 的应用范围不断扩大,涵盖了各种器官系统,让人们对生理和病理状态有了更深入的了解。在这篇综述文章中,我们简要介绍了用于定量非对比灌注 MRI 的 ASL,作为对题为 "定量 MRI--如何让它在体内发挥作用?文章首先介绍了 ASL 的原理,然后介绍了不同的标记策略,如脉冲、连续、伪连续和速度选择性方法,以及它们在灌注定量中的作用。接下来,我们将讨论与体内 ASL 相关的技术挑战,并概述为解决这些问题而设计的一些创新方法。随后,我们总结了在人体胸部(肺部)、腹部(肾脏、肝脏、胰腺)和盆腔(胎盘)的一些高灌注器官中量化灌注的潜在临床应用、挑战和最先进的 ASL 方法。文章最后讨论了定量 ASL 成功应用于人体成像的未来方向。
Quantitative non-contrast perfusion MRI in the body using arterial spin labeling.
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method that enables the assessment and the quantification of perfusion without the need for an exogenous contrast agent. ASL was originally developed in the early 1990s to measure cerebral blood flow. The utility of ASL has since then broadened to encompass various organ systems, offering insights into physiological and pathological states. In this review article, we present a synopsis of ASL for quantitative non-contrast perfusion MRI, as a contribution to the special issue titled "Quantitative MRI-how to make it work in the body?" The article begins with an introduction to ASL principles, followed by different labeling strategies, such as pulsed, continuous, pseudo-continuous, and velocity-selective approaches, and their role in perfusion quantification. We proceed to address the technical challenges associated with ASL in the body and outline some of the innovative approaches devised to surmount these issues. Subsequently, we summarize potential clinical applications, challenges, and state-of-the-art ASL methods to quantify perfusion in some of the highly perfused organs in the thorax (lungs), abdomen (kidneys, liver, pancreas), and pelvis (placenta) of the human body. The article concludes by discussing future directions for successful translation of quantitative ASL in body imaging.
期刊介绍:
MAGMA is a multidisciplinary international journal devoted to the publication of articles on all aspects of magnetic resonance techniques and their applications in medicine and biology. MAGMA currently publishes research papers, reviews, letters to the editor, and commentaries, six times a year. The subject areas covered by MAGMA include:
advances in materials, hardware and software in magnetic resonance technology,
new developments and results in research and practical applications of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy related to biology and medicine,
study of animal models and intact cells using magnetic resonance,
reports of clinical trials on humans and clinical validation of magnetic resonance protocols.