Katherine E Reeder-Hayes, Bradford E Jackson, Tzy-Mey Kuo, Chris D Baggett, Juan Yanguela, Matthew R LeBlanc, Mya L Roberson, Stephanie B Wheeler
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County-level data were drawn from multiple public sources aggregated in the Robert Wood Johnson County Health Rankings database. Racial gaps in eight social determinants across five domains were quantified at the county level and ranked on a 0-100 minimum-maximum scale. Domain scores were averaged to create a SR Composite Index (SRCI) score. We used multilevel logistic regression with random intercepts and multiple cross-level interaction terms to evaluate the association between county-level SRCI and patient-level treatment delays, adjusting for patient-level characteristics and stratified by race.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SRCI score ranged from 21 to 75 with a median (IQR) of 39.0 (31.8, 45.7). For Black patients, a 10-unit increase in SRCI score was associated with increased odds of delay (Adjusted odds ratios [aOR], 1.25; 95% confidence limits [CL], 1.08 to 1.45). No such association was found for White patients (OR, 1.05; 95% CL, 0.97 to 1.15).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Area-level SR measured by a composite index is associated with higher odds of BC treatment delays among Black, but not White patients. Increasing county-level SR is associated with increasing Black-White disparities in treatment delay. Further research is needed to refine the measurement of SR and to examine its association with other cancer care disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":15384,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":42.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Structural Racism and Treatment Delay Among Black and White Patients With Breast Cancer.\",\"authors\":\"Katherine E Reeder-Hayes, Bradford E Jackson, Tzy-Mey Kuo, Chris D Baggett, Juan Yanguela, Matthew R LeBlanc, Mya L Roberson, Stephanie B Wheeler\",\"doi\":\"10.1200/JCO.23.02483\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Structural racism (SR) is a potential driver of health disparities, but research quantifying its impacts on cancer outcomes has been limited. We aimed to develop a multidimensional county-level SR measure and to examine the association of SR with breast cancer (BC) treatment delays among Black and White patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cohort included 32,095 individuals from the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry with stage I to III BC diagnosed between 2004 and 2017 and linked to multipayer insurance claims from the Cancer Information and Population Health Resource. County-level data were drawn from multiple public sources aggregated in the Robert Wood Johnson County Health Rankings database. Racial gaps in eight social determinants across five domains were quantified at the county level and ranked on a 0-100 minimum-maximum scale. Domain scores were averaged to create a SR Composite Index (SRCI) score. We used multilevel logistic regression with random intercepts and multiple cross-level interaction terms to evaluate the association between county-level SRCI and patient-level treatment delays, adjusting for patient-level characteristics and stratified by race.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SRCI score ranged from 21 to 75 with a median (IQR) of 39.0 (31.8, 45.7). For Black patients, a 10-unit increase in SRCI score was associated with increased odds of delay (Adjusted odds ratios [aOR], 1.25; 95% confidence limits [CL], 1.08 to 1.45). No such association was found for White patients (OR, 1.05; 95% CL, 0.97 to 1.15).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Area-level SR measured by a composite index is associated with higher odds of BC treatment delays among Black, but not White patients. Increasing county-level SR is associated with increasing Black-White disparities in treatment delay. Further research is needed to refine the measurement of SR and to examine its association with other cancer care disparities.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15384,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Clinical Oncology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":42.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-11-10\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Clinical Oncology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.23.02483\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/8/6 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ONCOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.23.02483","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/8/6 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
目的:结构性种族主义(SR)是健康差异的潜在驱动因素,但量化其对癌症结果影响的研究却很有限。我们旨在开发一种多维度的县级 SR 测量方法,并研究黑人和白人患者中 SR 与乳腺癌(BC)治疗延迟的关系:研究队列包括北卡罗来纳州中央癌症登记处的 32,095 名患者,他们在 2004 年至 2017 年期间确诊为 I 期至 III 期乳腺癌,并与癌症信息和人口健康资源的多方保险索赔相关联。县级数据来自罗伯特-伍德-约翰逊县健康排名数据库汇总的多个公共来源。在县一级对五个领域中八个社会决定因素的种族差距进行了量化,并按 0-100 最小值-最大值进行排序。各领域得分取平均值,得出 SR 综合指数 (SRCI) 分值。我们使用带有随机截距和多个跨级别交互项的多级别逻辑回归来评估县级 SRCI 与患者级别治疗延迟之间的关联,同时对患者级别特征进行调整并按种族进行分层:SRCI得分介于21到75之间,中位数(IQR)为39.0(31.8,45.7)。对于黑人患者,SRCI 分数每增加 10 个单位,延迟的几率就会增加(调整后的几率比 [aOR],1.25;95% 置信区间 [CL],1.08 至 1.45)。白人患者没有发现这种关联(OR,1.05;95% CL,0.97 至 1.15):结论:以综合指数衡量的地区级SR与黑人而非白人患者出现BC治疗延迟的几率较高有关。县级 SR 的增加与黑人和白人治疗延迟差异的增加有关。还需要进一步研究来完善SR的测量方法,并检查其与其他癌症治疗差异的关联。
Structural Racism and Treatment Delay Among Black and White Patients With Breast Cancer.
Purpose: Structural racism (SR) is a potential driver of health disparities, but research quantifying its impacts on cancer outcomes has been limited. We aimed to develop a multidimensional county-level SR measure and to examine the association of SR with breast cancer (BC) treatment delays among Black and White patients.
Methods: The cohort included 32,095 individuals from the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry with stage I to III BC diagnosed between 2004 and 2017 and linked to multipayer insurance claims from the Cancer Information and Population Health Resource. County-level data were drawn from multiple public sources aggregated in the Robert Wood Johnson County Health Rankings database. Racial gaps in eight social determinants across five domains were quantified at the county level and ranked on a 0-100 minimum-maximum scale. Domain scores were averaged to create a SR Composite Index (SRCI) score. We used multilevel logistic regression with random intercepts and multiple cross-level interaction terms to evaluate the association between county-level SRCI and patient-level treatment delays, adjusting for patient-level characteristics and stratified by race.
Results: The SRCI score ranged from 21 to 75 with a median (IQR) of 39.0 (31.8, 45.7). For Black patients, a 10-unit increase in SRCI score was associated with increased odds of delay (Adjusted odds ratios [aOR], 1.25; 95% confidence limits [CL], 1.08 to 1.45). No such association was found for White patients (OR, 1.05; 95% CL, 0.97 to 1.15).
Conclusion: Area-level SR measured by a composite index is associated with higher odds of BC treatment delays among Black, but not White patients. Increasing county-level SR is associated with increasing Black-White disparities in treatment delay. Further research is needed to refine the measurement of SR and to examine its association with other cancer care disparities.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Clinical Oncology serves its readers as the single most credible, authoritative resource for disseminating significant clinical oncology research. In print and in electronic format, JCO strives to publish the highest quality articles dedicated to clinical research. Original Reports remain the focus of JCO, but this scientific communication is enhanced by appropriately selected Editorials, Commentaries, Reviews, and other work that relate to the care of patients with cancer.