{"title":"孟加拉国耐多药临床鲍曼不动杆菌的基因组流行病学。","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105656","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rising frequency of multidrug-resistant (MDR) <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> infections represents a significant public health challenge in Bangladesh. Genomic analysis of bacterial pathogens enhances surveillance and control efforts by providing insights into genetic diversity, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles, and transmission dynamics. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of 82 whole-genome sequences (WGS) of <em>A. baumannii</em> from Bangladesh to understand their genomic epidemiological characteristics. WGS of the MDR and biofilm-forming <em>A. baumannii</em> strain S1C revealed the presence of 28 AMR genes, predicting its pathogenicity and classification within sequence type ST2. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) genotyping suggested heterogeneity in the distribution of clinical <em>A. baumannii</em> strains in Bangladesh, with a predominance of ST575. The resistome diversity was evident from the detection of 82 different AMR genes, with antibiotic inactivation being the most prevalent resistance mechanism. All strains were predicted to be multidrug-resistant. The observed virulence genes were associated with immune evasion, biofilm formation, adherence, nutrient acquisition, effector delivery, and other mechanisms. Mobile genetic elements carrying AMR genes were predicted in 68.29% (<em>N</em> = 56) of the genomes. The “open” state of the pan-genome and a high proportion of accessory genes highlighted the genome plasticity and diversity of <em>A. baumannii</em> in Bangladesh. Additionally, phylogenomic analysis indicated clustering of <em>A. baumannii</em> strains into three separate clades according to sequence type. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
耐多药（MDR）鲍曼不动杆菌感染频率的上升是孟加拉国面临的一项重大公共卫生挑战。对细菌病原体进行基因组分析可以深入了解遗传多样性、抗菌药耐药性（AMR）概况和传播动态，从而加强监测和控制工作。在本研究中，我们对孟加拉国的 82 个鲍曼不动杆菌全基因组序列（WGS）进行了全面的生物信息学分析，以了解它们的基因组流行病学特征。MDR 和生物膜形成型鲍曼不动杆菌菌株 S1C 的 WGS 发现了 28 个 AMR 基因，预测了其致病性并将其归入序列类型 ST2。多焦点序列分型（MLST）基因分型表明，孟加拉国临床鲍曼不动杆菌菌株的分布具有异质性，以 ST575 型为主。耐药基因组的多样性体现在检测到了 82 个不同的 AMR 基因，其中抗生素失活是最普遍的耐药机制。据预测，所有菌株都具有多重耐药性。观察到的毒力基因与免疫逃避、生物膜形成、粘附、营养获取、效应器传递和其他机制有关。68.29%（N = 56）的基因组中预测出携带 AMR 基因的移动遗传因子。泛基因组的 "开放 "状态和高比例的附属基因凸显了孟加拉国鲍曼不动杆菌基因组的可塑性和多样性。此外，系统发生组分析表明，根据序列类型，鲍曼不动杆菌菌株可分为三个独立的支系。总之，我们的研究结果详细揭示了孟加拉国鲍曼不动杆菌的基因组状况，有助于我们了解其流行病学和致病性，并为制定抗击这种病原体的策略提供依据。
Genomic epidemiology of multidrug-resistant clinical Acinetobacter baumannii in Bangladesh
The rising frequency of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii infections represents a significant public health challenge in Bangladesh. Genomic analysis of bacterial pathogens enhances surveillance and control efforts by providing insights into genetic diversity, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles, and transmission dynamics. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of 82 whole-genome sequences (WGS) of A. baumannii from Bangladesh to understand their genomic epidemiological characteristics. WGS of the MDR and biofilm-forming A. baumannii strain S1C revealed the presence of 28 AMR genes, predicting its pathogenicity and classification within sequence type ST2. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) genotyping suggested heterogeneity in the distribution of clinical A. baumannii strains in Bangladesh, with a predominance of ST575. The resistome diversity was evident from the detection of 82 different AMR genes, with antibiotic inactivation being the most prevalent resistance mechanism. All strains were predicted to be multidrug-resistant. The observed virulence genes were associated with immune evasion, biofilm formation, adherence, nutrient acquisition, effector delivery, and other mechanisms. Mobile genetic elements carrying AMR genes were predicted in 68.29% (N = 56) of the genomes. The “open” state of the pan-genome and a high proportion of accessory genes highlighted the genome plasticity and diversity of A. baumannii in Bangladesh. Additionally, phylogenomic analysis indicated clustering of A. baumannii strains into three separate clades according to sequence type. In summary, our findings offer detailed insights into the genomic landscape of A. baumannii in Bangladesh, contributing to our understanding of its epidemiology and pathogenicity and informing strategies to combat this pathogen.
期刊介绍：
(aka Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics of Infectious Diseases -- MEEGID)
Infectious diseases constitute one of the main challenges to medical science in the coming century. The impressive development of molecular megatechnologies and of bioinformatics have greatly increased our knowledge of the evolution, transmission and pathogenicity of infectious diseases. Research has shown that host susceptibility to many infectious diseases has a genetic basis. Furthermore, much is now known on the molecular epidemiology, evolution and virulence of pathogenic agents, as well as their resistance to drugs, vaccines, and antibiotics. Equally, research on the genetics of disease vectors has greatly improved our understanding of their systematics, has increased our capacity to identify target populations for control or intervention, and has provided detailed information on the mechanisms of insecticide resistance.
However, the genetics and evolutionary biology of hosts, pathogens and vectors have tended to develop as three separate fields of research. This artificial compartmentalisation is of concern due to our growing appreciation of the strong co-evolutionary interactions among hosts, pathogens and vectors.
Infection, Genetics and Evolution and its companion congress [MEEGID](http://www.meegidconference.com/) (for Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics of Infectious Diseases) are the main forum acting for the cross-fertilization between evolutionary science and biomedical research on infectious diseases.
Infection, Genetics and Evolution is the only journal that welcomes articles dealing with the genetics and evolutionary biology of hosts, pathogens and vectors, and coevolution processes among them in relation to infection and disease manifestation. All infectious models enter the scope of the journal, including pathogens of humans, animals and plants, either parasites, fungi, bacteria, viruses or prions. The journal welcomes articles dealing with genetics, population genetics, genomics, postgenomics, gene expression, evolutionary biology, population dynamics, mathematical modeling and bioinformatics. We also provide many author benefits, such as free PDFs, a liberal copyright policy, special discounts on Elsevier publications and much more. Please click here for more information on our author services .
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