更高还是更低?自闭症儿童动作模仿的人际行为和神经同步性

IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Autism Research Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI:10.1002/aur.3205
Bang Du, Wenjun Zhang, Liu Chen, Xiaorui Deng, Kaiyun Li, Fengxun Lin, Fanlu Jia, Shuhua Su, Wanzhi Tang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自闭症儿童的动作模仿能力如何,以及他们的大脑活动如何与模仿对象同步,这些问题一直未得到充分研究。本研究采用了功能性近红外光谱(fNIRS)超扫描技术,并使用了涉及有意义和无意义动作模仿的真实互动任务,以探索模仿作为动态互动过程的基本性质。实验 1 探讨了有意义和无意义的手势模仿。结果显示,在模仿有意义和无意义手势时,自闭症儿童的模仿准确性和行为同步性均低于非自闭症儿童。具体而言,与非自闭症儿童相比,自闭症儿童在模仿有意义手势时,右侧顶叶下叶(r-IPL)(通道 12)的人际神经同步性(INS)明显较高,但在模仿无意义手势时,INS 则较低。实验 2 进一步研究了四种无意义动作(口部动作、转体动作、肢体动作和手势)的模仿。结果发现,在所有四种动作类型中,自闭症儿童的模仿准确性、行为同步性和 r-IPL(通道 12)的 INS 都明显低于非自闭症儿童。本研究首次发现 INS 是自闭症儿童动作模仿困难的生物标记。此外,该研究还提出了个体内和个体间模仿机制模型,以解释自闭症儿童动作模仿困难的根本原因。
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Higher or lower? Interpersonal behavioral and neural synchronization of movement imitation in autistic children

How well autistic children can imitate movements and how their brain activity synchronizes with the person they are imitating have been understudied. The current study adopted functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning and employed a task involving real interactions involving meaningful and meaningless movement imitation to explore the fundamental nature of imitation as a dynamic and interactive process. Experiment 1 explored meaningful and meaningless gesture imitation. The results revealed that autistic children exhibited lower imitation accuracy and behavioral synchrony than non-autistic children when imitating both meaningful and meaningless gestures. Specifically, compared to non-autistic children, autistic children displayed significantly higher interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) in the right inferior parietal lobule (r-IPL) (channel 12) when imitating meaningful gestures but lower INS when imitating meaningless gestures. Experiment 2 further investigated the imitation of four types of meaningless movements (orofacial movements, transitive movements, limb movements, and gestures). The results revealed that across all four movement types, autistic children exhibited significantly lower imitation accuracy, behavioral synchrony, and INS in the r-IPL (channel 12) than non-autistic children. This study is the first to identify INS as a biomarker of movement imitation difficulties in autistic individuals. Furthermore, an intra- and interindividual imitation mechanism model was proposed to explain the underlying causes of movement imitation difficulties in autistic individuals.

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来源期刊
Autism Research
Autism Research 医学-行为科学
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
8.50%
发文量
187
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: AUTISM RESEARCH will cover the developmental disorders known as Pervasive Developmental Disorders (or autism spectrum disorders – ASDs). The Journal focuses on basic genetic, neurobiological and psychological mechanisms and how these influence developmental processes in ASDs.
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