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引用次数: 0
摘要
骨肉瘤是一种罕见的原发性骨癌,其分子畸变多种多样,突显了其复杂性。尽管研究人员不懈努力,但五年生存率的改善有限,这表明目前的治疗策略不足以满足临床需要。分子图谱分析技术的进步促进了人们对骨肉瘤生物学特性的进一步了解,为治疗带来了美好的前景。目前迫切需要开发创新方法来应对骨肉瘤的复杂挑战,最终提高患者的治疗效果。本综述探讨了骨肉瘤与癌症易感综合征之间的关系、其体细胞基因组的复杂性以及临床上可操作的改变。本综述涵盖的治疗策略包括手术、化疗、免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)和酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKIs)。针对不同途径(包括多靶点酪氨酸激酶、细胞周期、PI3K/mTOR 途径和 DNA 损伤修复 (DDR))的创新治疗模式提供了前景广阔的干预措施。本综述还涵盖了前景广阔的途径,包括抗体药物共轭物(ADC)和免疫疗法策略,如细胞因子、采用性细胞疗法(ACT)、ICIs 和癌症疫苗。这一全面探讨有助于全面了解骨肉瘤,为临床应用提供指导,从而推进骨肉瘤的治疗。
Unraveling molecular aberrations and pioneering therapeutic strategies in osteosarcoma
Osteosarcoma, a rare primary bone cancer, presents diverse molecular aberrations that underscore its complexity. Despite the persistent endeavors by researchers, the limited amelioration in the five-year survival rate indicates that current therapeutic strategies prove inadequate in addressing the clinical necessities. Advancements in molecular profiling have facilitated an enhanced comprehension of the biology of osteosarcoma, offering a promising outlook for treatment. There is an urgent need to develop innovative approaches to address the complex challenges of osteosarcoma, ultimately contributing to enhanced patient outcomes. This review explores the nexus between osteosarcoma and cancer predisposition syndromes, intricacies in its somatic genome, and clinically actionable alterations. This review covers treatment strategies, including surgery, chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Innovative treatment modalities targeting diverse pathways, including multi-target tyrosine kinases, cell cycle, PI3K/mTOR pathway, and DNA damage repair (DDR), offer promising interventions. This review also covers promising avenues, including antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and immunotherapy strategies, such as cytokines, adoptive cellular therapy (ACT), ICIs, and cancer vaccines. This comprehensive exploration contributes to a holistic understanding, offering guidance for clinical applications to advance the management of osteosarcoma.
期刊介绍:
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer encompasses the entirety of cancer biology and biochemistry, emphasizing oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, growth-related cell cycle control signaling, carcinogenesis mechanisms, cell transformation, immunologic control mechanisms, genetics of human (mammalian) cancer, control of cell proliferation, genetic and molecular control of organismic development, rational anti-tumor drug design. It publishes mini-reviews and full reviews.