评估在淡水湖泊和循环系统中饲养的大西洋鲑鱼的基因型与环境之间的相互作用。

IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q1 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY Evolutionary Applications Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI:10.1111/eva.13751
Mette J. Tollervey, Michaël Bekaert, Agustín Barría González, Saif Agha, Ross D. Houston, Andrea Doeschl-Wilson, Ashie Norris, Herve Migaud, Alejandro P. Gutierrez
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摘要

由于循环水养殖系统(RAS)具有提高生产力、更好地控制动物护理、减少环境影响和降低耗水量等优点,人们对该系统的兴趣与日俱增。然而,在世界一些地区,传统的水产养殖方法仍然盛行,选择性育种通常是为这些系统中的性能而设计的。因此,评估当前鱼类种群在 RAS 中的表现以指导未来的育种选择非常重要。在商业环境中,我们探索了生长特征的遗传结构,测量了鲑鱼幼鱼的基因型-环境交互作用(GxE),并检查了与淡水湖泊和 RAS 中生长相关的遗传标记。幼小的鲑鱼被一起饲养到小鲑鱼阶段,之后被平均分配到淡水网箱和鲑鱼饲养系统中。8 周后,我们从每个环境中取样并进行基因分型。我们的研究结果表明,RAS饲养的鱼体重和体长普遍较小,但体质系数和均匀度较高。我们发现,RAS 环境中的未解释变异成分明显较小,因此遗传率估计值较高。我们观察到身长和条件因子的 GxE 效应较低,但全身重量的 GxE 效应有显著的重新排序,不同环境下的性状关联也有明显差异。特别是,仅在 RAS 群体中发现 22 号染色体的一段与体况因子相关。研究结果表明,如果 RAS 的使用范围继续扩大,现有商业种群的效率可能无法充分发挥其潜力,除非实施专门针对 RAS 的育种计划。
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Assessing genotype–environment interactions in Atlantic salmon reared in freshwater loch and recirculating systems

The interest in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) is growing due to their benefits such as increased productivity, better control over animal care, reduced environmental effects, and less water consumption. However, in some regions of the world, traditional aquaculture methods remain prevalent, and selective breeding has often been designed for performance within these systems. Therefore, it is important to evaluate how current fish populations fare in RAS to guide future breeding choices. In a commercial setting, we explore the genetic structure of growth characteristics, measure genotype–environment interactions (GxE) in salmon smolts, and examine genetic markers related to growth in freshwater lochs and RAS. Young salmon were raised together until they reached the parr stage, after which they were divided equally between freshwater net-pens and RAS. After an 8-week period, we sampled fish from each environment and genotyped them. Our findings revealed that fish reared in RAS were generally smaller in weight and length but exhibited a higher condition factor and uniformity. We found a notably smaller component of unexplained variance in the RAS, leading to higher heritability estimates. We observed a low GxE effect for length and condition factor, but significant re-ranking for whole-body weight, as well as noticeable differences in trait associations across environments. Specifically, a segment of chromosome 22 was found to be linked with the condition factor in the RAS population only. Results suggests that if the use of RAS continues to expand, the efficiency of existing commercial populations may not reach its full potential unless breeding programs specific to RAS are implemented.

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来源期刊
Evolutionary Applications
Evolutionary Applications 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
7.30%
发文量
175
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Evolutionary Applications is a fully peer reviewed open access journal. It publishes papers that utilize concepts from evolutionary biology to address biological questions of health, social and economic relevance. Papers are expected to employ evolutionary concepts or methods to make contributions to areas such as (but not limited to): medicine, agriculture, forestry, exploitation and management (fisheries and wildlife), aquaculture, conservation biology, environmental sciences (including climate change and invasion biology), microbiology, and toxicology. All taxonomic groups are covered from microbes, fungi, plants and animals. In order to better serve the community, we also now strongly encourage submissions of papers making use of modern molecular and genetic methods (population and functional genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenetics, quantitative genetics, association and linkage mapping) to address important questions in any of these disciplines and in an applied evolutionary framework. Theoretical, empirical, synthesis or perspective papers are welcome.
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