Michelle E Kew, Udit Dave, William Marmor, Reena Olsen, Bridget Jivanelli, Sung Huang Laurent Tsai, Liang-Tseng Kuo, Daphne I Ling
{"title":"精英运动员心理健康症状的性别差异：系统回顾与元分析》。","authors":"Michelle E Kew, Udit Dave, William Marmor, Reena Olsen, Bridget Jivanelli, Sung Huang Laurent Tsai, Liang-Tseng Kuo, Daphne I Ling","doi":"10.1177/19417381241264491","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Mental health is a growing area of concern for elite athletes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the sex differences in mental health symptoms in elite athletes.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were used.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Included studies included comparisons of mental health symptoms of athletes by sex.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the PRISMA guidelines.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2a.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>The rate ratio (RR) was calculated as the rates in female and male athletes. Data were pooled using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1945 articles identified, 60 articles were included. Male athletes reported higher alcohol misuse (RR, 0.74; CI, 0.68-0.80), illicit drug abuse (RR, 0.82; CI, 0.75-0.89), and gambling problems (RR, 0.14; CI, 0.08-0.25). Female athletes reported higher overall anxiety (RR, 1.17; CI, 1.08-1.27), depression (RR, 1.42; CI, 1.31-1.54), distress (RR, 1.98; CI, 1.40-2.81), and disordered eating (RR, 2.19; CI, 1.58-3.02). Sleep disturbances were reported at similar rates in male and female athletes (RR, 1.13; CI, 0.98-1.30).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Female and male athletes have significant differences in reported mental health symptoms. Female athletes are more likely to report anxiety, depression, distress, and disordered eating, while male athletes report more alcohol misuse, illicit drug abuse, and gambling. Monitoring and evaluation of mental health is a necessary part of any sport, including access to resources. Longitudinal studies following athletes over time to determine the development and causation for mental health symptoms should be included in future research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381241264491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569523/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Sex Differences in Mental Health Symptoms in Elite Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.\",\"authors\":\"Michelle E Kew, Udit Dave, William Marmor, Reena Olsen, Bridget Jivanelli, Sung Huang Laurent Tsai, Liang-Tseng Kuo, Daphne I Ling\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/19417381241264491\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Mental health is a growing area of concern for elite athletes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the sex differences in mental health symptoms in elite athletes.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were used.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Included studies included comparisons of mental health symptoms of athletes by sex.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the PRISMA guidelines.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2a.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>The rate ratio (RR) was calculated as the rates in female and male athletes. Data were pooled using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1945 articles identified, 60 articles were included. Male athletes reported higher alcohol misuse (RR, 0.74; CI, 0.68-0.80), illicit drug abuse (RR, 0.82; CI, 0.75-0.89), and gambling problems (RR, 0.14; CI, 0.08-0.25). Female athletes reported higher overall anxiety (RR, 1.17; CI, 1.08-1.27), depression (RR, 1.42; CI, 1.31-1.54), distress (RR, 1.98; CI, 1.40-2.81), and disordered eating (RR, 2.19; CI, 1.58-3.02). Sleep disturbances were reported at similar rates in male and female athletes (RR, 1.13; CI, 0.98-1.30).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Female and male athletes have significant differences in reported mental health symptoms. Female athletes are more likely to report anxiety, depression, distress, and disordered eating, while male athletes report more alcohol misuse, illicit drug abuse, and gambling. Monitoring and evaluation of mental health is a necessary part of any sport, including access to resources. Longitudinal studies following athletes over time to determine the development and causation for mental health symptoms should be included in future research directions.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":54276,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"19417381241264491\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11569523/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241264491\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"SPORT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19417381241264491","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"SPORT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Sex Differences in Mental Health Symptoms in Elite Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Context: Mental health is a growing area of concern for elite athletes.
Objective: To determine the sex differences in mental health symptoms in elite athletes.
Data sources: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were used.
Study selection: Included studies included comparisons of mental health symptoms of athletes by sex.
Study design: Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the PRISMA guidelines.
Level of evidence: Level 2a.
Data extraction: The rate ratio (RR) was calculated as the rates in female and male athletes. Data were pooled using a random-effects model.
Results: Of 1945 articles identified, 60 articles were included. Male athletes reported higher alcohol misuse (RR, 0.74; CI, 0.68-0.80), illicit drug abuse (RR, 0.82; CI, 0.75-0.89), and gambling problems (RR, 0.14; CI, 0.08-0.25). Female athletes reported higher overall anxiety (RR, 1.17; CI, 1.08-1.27), depression (RR, 1.42; CI, 1.31-1.54), distress (RR, 1.98; CI, 1.40-2.81), and disordered eating (RR, 2.19; CI, 1.58-3.02). Sleep disturbances were reported at similar rates in male and female athletes (RR, 1.13; CI, 0.98-1.30).
Conclusion: Female and male athletes have significant differences in reported mental health symptoms. Female athletes are more likely to report anxiety, depression, distress, and disordered eating, while male athletes report more alcohol misuse, illicit drug abuse, and gambling. Monitoring and evaluation of mental health is a necessary part of any sport, including access to resources. Longitudinal studies following athletes over time to determine the development and causation for mental health symptoms should be included in future research directions.
期刊介绍：
Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach is an indispensable resource for all medical professionals involved in the training and care of the competitive or recreational athlete, including primary care physicians, orthopaedic surgeons, physical therapists, athletic trainers and other medical and health care professionals.
Published bimonthly, Sports Health is a collaborative publication from the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM), the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM), the National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA), and the Sports Physical Therapy Section (SPTS).
The journal publishes review articles, original research articles, case studies, images, short updates, legal briefs, editorials, and letters to the editor.
Topics include:
-Sports Injury and Treatment
-Care of the Athlete
-Athlete Rehabilitation
-Medical Issues in the Athlete
-Surgical Techniques in Sports Medicine
-Case Studies in Sports Medicine
-Images in Sports Medicine
-Legal Issues
-Pediatric Athletes
-General Sports Trauma
-Sports Psychology
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