哺乳动物发育和疾病中的 DNA 甲基化

IF 39.1 1区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Nature Reviews Genetics Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI:10.1038/s41576-024-00760-8
Zachary D. Smith, Sara Hetzel, Alexander Meissner
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摘要

DNA 甲基化领域已经从发现和基因组特征描述阶段成熟到寻求对这种修饰如何促进发育、衰老和疾病的更深入的功能性理解阶段。尤其是在过去的十年中,许多令人振奋的机理发现大大扩展了我们对这一古老的进化修饰如何被纳入强大的表观遗传密码的认识。在此,我们总结了目前对哺乳动物生命周期中出现的不同 DNA 甲基化景观的理解,并讨论了它们如何与其他调控层相互作用以支持不同的基因组功能。然后,我们回顾了人们对衰老和体细胞向癌症转化过程中发现的替代模式日益增长的兴趣。随着单细胞和长读程测序技术的进步,这些领域的共同见解为将 DNA 甲基化的生化和遗传特征与细胞生理、发育潜能和表型联系起来提供了新的机会。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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DNA methylation in mammalian development and disease

The DNA methylation field has matured from a phase of discovery and genomic characterization to one seeking deeper functional understanding of how this modification contributes to development, ageing and disease. In particular, the past decade has seen many exciting mechanistic discoveries that have substantially expanded our appreciation for how this generic, evolutionarily ancient modification can be incorporated into robust epigenetic codes. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the distinct DNA methylation landscapes that emerge over the mammalian lifespan and discuss how they interact with other regulatory layers to support diverse genomic functions. We then review the rising interest in alternative patterns found during senescence and the somatic transition to cancer. Alongside advancements in single-cell and long-read sequencing technologies, the collective insights made across these fields offer new opportunities to connect the biochemical and genetic features of DNA methylation to cell physiology, developmental potential and phenotype.

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来源期刊
Nature Reviews Genetics
Nature Reviews Genetics 生物-遗传学
CiteScore
57.40
自引率
0.50%
发文量
113
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: At Nature Reviews Genetics, our goal is to be the leading source of reviews and commentaries for the scientific communities we serve. We are dedicated to publishing authoritative articles that are easily accessible to our readers. We believe in enhancing our articles with clear and understandable figures, tables, and other display items. Our aim is to provide an unparalleled service to authors, referees, and readers, and we are committed to maximizing the usefulness and impact of each article we publish. Within our journal, we publish a range of content including Research Highlights, Comments, Reviews, and Perspectives that are relevant to geneticists and genomicists. With our broad scope, we ensure that the articles we publish reach the widest possible audience. As part of the Nature Reviews portfolio of journals, we strive to uphold the high standards and reputation associated with this esteemed collection of publications.
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