褐马默罗臭虫(半翅目:五蠹科)--全球植物生产的一大挑战

Martina Pajač Beus, D. Lemić, S. Skendžić, Dana Čirjak, Ivana Pajač Živković
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摘要

褐马蝽 Halyomorpha halys(Stål,1855 年)原产于东亚,是一种多食性害虫,侵扰 49 科 300 多种植物。在欧洲和北美,这种害虫对具有重要经济价值的农作物(果树、蔬菜、大田作物和观赏植物)的生产造成了巨大损失。全球变暖有利于这种害虫的传播,因为温度升高会导致害虫的后代出现。Halyomorpha halys(若虫和成虫)在寄主植物的整个生长过程(芽、茎、果实和豆荚)中都会为害,是典型的五蠹科害虫。成熟的果实通常会被毁容,随后果实表面会出现分层和坏死斑点,使其容易被植物病原体感染,导致果实腐烂,无法上市销售。这种害虫在全球的重要性与日俱增,这表明需要采取更加协调的措施来遏制其蔓延。了解该物种的生物学和生态学对制定可靠的监测和管理策略至关重要。大多数可用于控制哈雷虫的杀虫剂都具有广谱作用模式,与大多数害虫综合管理系统不兼容,因此最近开始强调利用天敌进行生物防治。要防止种群过度增长,就必须及早识别并采取有效的控制措施,这些措施既要能快速开发和应用,又要尊重环境。本文全面综述了这一重要害虫的全球分布、潜在传播、生物学和生态学、具有重要经济意义的主要寄主植物、监测方法和有效的生物防治策略等方面的最新研究成果,以及可持续的 H. halys 防治措施的未来展望。
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The Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)—A Major Challenge for Global Plant Production
The brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855), native to East Asia, is an extremely polyphagous pest that infests more than 300 plant species from 49 families. In Europe and North America, this pest causes enormous damage to the production of economically important crops (tree fruit, vegetables, field crops, and ornamental plants). Global warming favours its spread, as the rise in temperature results in the appearance of further generations of the pest. Halyomorpha halys (nymph and adult) causes damage typical of the Pentatomidae family by attacking host plants throughout their development (buds, stems, fruits, and pods). Ripe fruits are often disfigured, and later suberification and necrotic spots form on the fruit surface, making them accessible to plant pathogens that cause fruit rot and rendering them unmarketable. The increasing global importance of the pest suggests that more coordinated measures are needed to contain its spread. Understanding the biology and ecology of this species is crucial for the development of reliable monitoring and management strategies. Most insecticides available for the control of H. halys have a broad spectrum of modes of action and are not compatible with most integrated pest management systems, so biological control by natural enemies has recently been emphasised. Preventing excessive population growth requires early identification and effective control measures that can be developed quickly and applied rapidly while respecting the environment. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest findings on the global distribution of this important pest, its potential spread, biology and ecology, key host plants of economic importance, monitoring methods, and effective biological control strategies, as well as future perspectives for sustainable H. halys control measures.
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